➕ Chemistry - Periodic Table Flashcards
gives the number of valence electrons for a neutral atom
group
gives the number of energy shells for a neutral atom
period
an element that has some properties of both metals and nonmetals
metalloids
nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon are essential to life and are what type of elements (metals or nonmetals?)
nonmetals
Where are metals found in the periodic table?
To the left of the stepped line.
Where are non metals found in the periodic table?
To the right of the stepped line.
What are the physical properties of a typical metal?
Good conductor of electricity
Good conductor of heat
Shiny
High density
Malleable
Ductile
Sonorous
What is meant by high density?
Heavy for its size
What is meant by malleable?
Something can be hammered into a shape
What is meant by ductile?
Something that can be stretched into a wire
What is meant by sonorous?
Something that makes a ringing sound when hit
What are the properties of a typical non-metal?
Poor conductor of electricity
Poor conductor of heat
Dull
Low density
Brittle
Not sonorous
What is meant by brittle?
Breaks easily
What is meant by low density?
light for its size
Which state are all metals apart from 1?
Solid (mercury is liquid)
What do we call elements that are near the stepped line on the periodic table?
Metalloids
Compare the melting points of metals and non metals.
Most metals have high melingl points
Most non metals have low melting points
What is meant by ‘chemical properties’ of an element?
How well it reacts with other elements
What do we call columns of the periodic table?
Groups
What do we call rows of the periodic table?
Periods
When we look down a group or across a period there are _______ in properties such as melting point, boiling point and density.
patterns
By looking at patterns down a group or across a period of the periodic table we can make ________ about unknown elements in that group
predictions
What are the group1 elements also known as?
The alkali metals
Name the group 1 elements
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Cesium
Francium
Describe the chemical properties of the group 1 elements.
They are reactive metals
Describe the physical properties of the group 1 elements
Good conductors of heat/electricity
Shiny when cut
What happens to the melting/boiling point of the group 1 metals as you move down the group?
It decreases
What happens to the reactivity of the group 1 elements as you move down the group?
They become more reactive
By what name are the elements of group 7 sometimes called?
The halogens
Name all of the elements of group 7
Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
Astatine
Give some of the physical properties of the group 7 elements.
Non metals so:
Low melting/boiling points
Do not conduct electricity
Iodine is brittle
What happens to the melting point of the group 7 elements as you move down the group?
It increases
What happens to the color of the group 7 elements as you move down the group?
They get darker
What happens to the reactivity of the group 7 elements as you move down the group?
The elements become less reactive as you move down the group
By what other name are the group 8 elements known?
The noble gases
Identify the noble gases
Helium
Neon
Argon
Krypton
Xenon
Radon
What is the state of the group 8 elements?
Colorless gases
The melting/boiling points of the group 8 elements are very ____
low
What happens when you pass an electric current through the group 8 elements?
They glow brightly
Neon gas is used in…
fluorescent signs
Helium gas is used in…
balloons
Which group 8 element has a lower density than air?
helium
The group 8 elements are extremely unreactive so we say that they are…
stable
Although they are unreactive, reactivity increases as you move _____ the group 8 elements.
down
