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BIOL2220 > L3 Coenzymes > Flashcards

L3 Coenzymes Flashcards

1
Q

Coenzymes contain catalytic amino acid residues, true or false?

A

False. The enzyme contains catalytic amino acid residues instead of coenzymes

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2
Q

Does coenzymes undergo chemical changes during an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Coenzymes may be attached tightly to an enzyme, true or false?

A

False

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4
Q

Essential ions can be divided into which two categories?

A

Activator ions and metal ions of metalloenzymes

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5
Q

Cofactors can be divided into which two categories?

A

Essential ions and coenzymes

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6
Q

Coenzymes can be divided into which two categories?

A

Cosubstrates and prosthetic groups

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7
Q

What does apoenzyme mean?

A

Enzyme without cofactor

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8
Q

What does holoenzyme mean?

A

enzyme with cofactor

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9
Q

Which one is chemically altered after the reaction instead of during the reaction, cosubstrates or prosthetic groups?

A

Cosubstrates

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10
Q

Which one is regenerated to original state after the reaction instead of regenerated in a subsequent reaction, cosubstrates or prosthetic groups?

A

Prosthetic groups

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11
Q

What is the function of S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM)?

A

Transferring a methyl group

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12
Q

Is SAM a cosubstrate or prosthetic group

A

Cosubstrate

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13
Q

What is the function of nucleotide sugar phosphates (UDP)?

A

Transferring a glucose unit

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14
Q

Give an example of UDP glucose acting as the cosubstrate.

A

In glycogen synthase, it transfers glucose 1-phosphate to UDP glucose

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15
Q

Is SAM a cosubstrate or prosthetic group

A

Cosubstrate

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16
Q

Vitamin B1 derives into what coenzyme?

A

Thiamine diphosphate (TDP)

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17
Q

Is TDP a prosthetic group or cosubstrate?

A

Prosthetic group

18
Q

What is the function of TDP?

A

Carboxyl group transfer

19
Q

Vitamin B2 derives into what coenzyme?

20
Q

Is FAD/FMN a prosthetic group or cosubstrate?

A

Prosthetic group

21
Q

What is the function of FAD/FMN?

A

Oxidation-reaction

22
Q

Is NAD+/NADP+ a prosthetic group or cosubstrate?

A

Cosubstrate

23
Q

Vitamin B3 derives into what coenzyme?

A

NAD+/NADP+

24
Q

What is the function of NAD+/NADP+?

A

Oxidation-reaction

25
Q

Vitamin B5 derives into what coenzyme?

A

Acetyl-CoA

26
Q

What is the function of Acetyl-CoA

A

Acyl group transfer

27
Q

Which group in CoA is responsible for the attachment of acyl group?

A

Thiol (-SH) group

28
Q

Vitamin B6 derives into what coenzyme?

A

Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP)

29
Q

Is Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP) a prosthetic group or cosubstrate?

A

Prosthetic group

30
Q

What is the function of Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP) ?

A

Amino group transfer

31
Q

Vitamin B7 (aka biotin) covalently linked to which AA residue in enzyme active site?

32
Q

Is biotin a prosthetic group or cosubstrate?

A

Prosthetic

33
Q

What is the function of biotin?

A

Carboxyl group transfer

34
Q

Vitamin B9 derives into what coenzyme?

A

Tetrahydrofolate (THF)

35
Q

Is Tetrahydrofolate (THF) a prosthetic group or cosubstrate?

A

Cosubstrate

36
Q

What is the function of THF?

A

Transferring of 1-carbon units (e.g. methyl
group, methylene group, formyl group)

37
Q

What is the characteristic structure of vitamin B12?

A

Corrin ring with cobalt cation

38
Q

Is B12 a prosthetic group or cosubstrate?

A

Prothetics group

39
Q

What is the function of vitamin B12?

A

Methyl group transfer or
intramolecular rearrangements

BIOL2220 (14 decks)

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