L27: Access to Land and Water Flashcards
1
Q
Attributes of favoured land
A
- irrigation
- high quality soil
- flat topography
- high population density
- access to off-farm inputs
- proximity to markets
- knowledge/ information intensive
2
Q
Attributes of marginal land
A
- low potential rainfed agriculture
- hilly/mountainous/forested
- limited access to infrastructure/ markets
- low population density
- rudimentary health care/education
3
Q
Land scarcity
A
- variety in natural capital
- favoured vs less favoured lands
4
Q
Water scarcity
A
- 1/5 of global population in areas of physical scarcity.
- abstractions higher than recharge
- environmental degradation
- falling water table
- surface/ ground water polution
5
Q
Economic scarcity
A
- 1/6 of global population in economic water scarcity
- access is limited by human and financial capital
6
Q
Access to water is influenced by:
A
- water pollution/ water quality
- climate change
- water depletion (irrigation)
- urbanisation
- competing water demand (industry)
- changing cropping pattern (cash crops)
- increased energy and water costs
7
Q
Resource scarcity
A
- increasing globally
- physical or economic
- weak institutions
- inadequate access/control
8
Q
Property rights:
A
- provides security of access
- claims/ entitlements/ obligations regarding use of a resource
- relationship person-resource
- relationship person-person
9
Q
Bundle of rights
A
Bundles of sticks representing an individual right:
- access
- withdrawal
- management
- exclusion
- alienation
- right to taxation
- right to earn income
- right of regulation
10
Q
Different type of property systems:
A
- private system (individualised, all sticks)
- customary system (different sticks/ different groups)
- state system (state holds particular rights)
11
Q
Water rights are:
A
- tied to land
- by license
- public ownership
- difference between ground and surface water
- huge variations and huge source of conflict
