L25 Lungs and Pleura II Flashcards
___ supply blood to the lungs for gas exchange
Pulmonary arteries and veins
pulmonary arteries
branch off the pulmonary trunk
carry oxygeng poor blood to the lungs for oxygenation
once they branch out, they follow the branching patterns of the bronchi (lobar and segmental arteries)
pulmonary veins
drain across bronchopulmonary segment boundaries (do not follow bronchial tree)
carry oxygen rich blood back to heart (two veins from each lung
also drain oxygen poor blood from much of the visceral pleura and substance of the lung
small volume of oxygen poor blood relative to oxygenated blood
alveoli
surrounded by capillary beds
site of gas exchange
bronchial arteries and veins
supply blood to the stroma of the lungs
bronchial arteries
branch directly from the thoracic aorta
bronchial veins
return som blood from the lung stroma to the azygos system
lymphatic drainage in the lungs
deep lymphatic plexus
superficial lymphatic plexus
deep lymphatic plexus
follows bronchial tree and drains deep lung and derivatives of root structures
pulmonary nodes
superficial lymphatic plexus
Drains lung tissue, visceral pleura, deep lymphatic plexus
Bronchopulmonary (hilar) nodes
Tracheobronchial nodes
Paratracheal nodes
Lymphatic trunks (thoracic duct, right lymphatic trunk
there is ____ between left and right plexuses. most lymph from the inferior lobe of the ____ crosses to the ___ with notable clinical repercussions
crossing communication
left lung
right side tracheobronchial nodes
***LEFT CROSSES OVER TO RIGHT (higher pressure on left side due to heart)
lung surface anatomy
healthy lung tissue is spongey and pink and forms to the contours of the structures surrounding it
costal surface anatomy
rib impressions
diaphragmatic surface anatomy
where the diaphragm meets the lung
mediastinal surface anatomy
around the hilum of the lung is the boundary where parietal pleura becomes visceral pleura
pulmonary ligament
impressions for most major mediastinal structures
pulmonary ligament
double layer of pleura extending down from the root of the lung strucutres
right lung impressions
cardiac impression
superior vena cava impression
arch of the azygos impression
tracheal impression
esophagus impression
left lung impressions
cardia impression
aortic arch impression
left subclavian artery impression
thoracic aorta impression
left brachiocephalic vein impression
trachea/bronchi
function
support layer
mucosa layer (epithelium
airway/structure
cartilage-rigid wall to resist collapse
pseudostratified - moistens air and traps and moves particles
bronchioles
function
support layer
mucosa layer (epithelium
flow control
smooth muscle - change tube diameter
simple
FINISH
trachea/bronchi
function
support layer
mucosa layer (epithelium
FINISH
_____of the respiratory system is very similar from the nasal cavity
through the bronchi
standard pseudostratified epithelium
goblet cells
interspaced thorughout epithelium
mucus secretion into the airway lumen for moisture control and particle capture
ciliated cells
predominant cell type
movement of mucus and captures particles up and out of the airway into to the oral cavity
bassal cells
regenerate epithelium
respiratory epithelium
completely lines lumen of the trachea
tracheal cartilage
c shaped
gives way to membrane along the posterior wall
flexible posterior wall includes trachealis, smooth muscle for constriction of the tracheal lumen
finish slide 17
muscociliary escalator
mucociliary escalator is more prominent in ____ where ___ and ___ secrete a thin mucus
trachea and bronchi
goblet cells
submucosal glands
Mucus ____ in mucociliary escalator
humidifies air and traps micro-organisms & foreign particles
slide 18
sqamous metaplasia
chronic irritation or damage to the respiratory epithelium leads to patches of widespread cell death
in sqamous metaplasia, ___ is replaced with ___
Pseudostratified epithelium replaced with thick
stratified squamous epithelium
slide 19
slide 20
Development of the respiratory tree begins as a __ of the ___ region of the ____.
ventral diverticulum
pharyngeal
foregut
____ develops at 4 wks
lung bud
airway lining comes from
endoderm
supporting structures of the lungs comes from
visceral mesoderm
Communication between ___ runs the entire length of the developing trachea
___ form at __ of developing trachea
Trachea is separated from the foregut (esophagus) by the development and closure of ____
Only remaining opening is ____
gut tube and respiratory diverticulum
Primary bronchi buds
distal end
tracheoesophageal ridges
the developing larynx
slide 24-27
