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Anatomy Block 3 > L25 Lungs and Pleura II > Flashcards

L25 Lungs and Pleura II Flashcards

1
Q

___ supply blood to the lungs for gas exchange

A

Pulmonary arteries and veins

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2
Q

pulmonary arteries

A

branch off the pulmonary trunk

carry oxygeng poor blood to the lungs for oxygenation

once they branch out, they follow the branching patterns of the bronchi (lobar and segmental arteries)

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3
Q

pulmonary veins

A

drain across bronchopulmonary segment boundaries (do not follow bronchial tree)

carry oxygen rich blood back to heart (two veins from each lung

also drain oxygen poor blood from much of the visceral pleura and substance of the lung

small volume of oxygen poor blood relative to oxygenated blood

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4
Q

alveoli

A

surrounded by capillary beds

site of gas exchange

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5
Q

bronchial arteries and veins

A

supply blood to the stroma of the lungs

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6
Q

bronchial arteries

A

branch directly from the thoracic aorta

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7
Q

bronchial veins

A

return som blood from the lung stroma to the azygos system

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8
Q

lymphatic drainage in the lungs

A

deep lymphatic plexus

superficial lymphatic plexus

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9
Q

deep lymphatic plexus

A

follows bronchial tree and drains deep lung and derivatives of root structures

pulmonary nodes

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10
Q

superficial lymphatic plexus

A

Drains lung tissue, visceral pleura, deep lymphatic plexus

Bronchopulmonary (hilar) nodes

Tracheobronchial nodes

Paratracheal nodes

Lymphatic trunks (thoracic duct, right lymphatic trunk

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11
Q

there is ____ between left and right plexuses. most lymph from the inferior lobe of the ____ crosses to the ___ with notable clinical repercussions

A

crossing communication

left lung

right side tracheobronchial nodes

***LEFT CROSSES OVER TO RIGHT (higher pressure on left side due to heart)

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12
Q

lung surface anatomy

A

healthy lung tissue is spongey and pink and forms to the contours of the structures surrounding it

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13
Q

costal surface anatomy

A

rib impressions

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14
Q

diaphragmatic surface anatomy

A

where the diaphragm meets the lung

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15
Q

mediastinal surface anatomy

A

around the hilum of the lung is the boundary where parietal pleura becomes visceral pleura

pulmonary ligament

impressions for most major mediastinal structures

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16
Q

pulmonary ligament

A

double layer of pleura extending down from the root of the lung strucutres

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17
Q

right lung impressions

A

cardiac impression

superior vena cava impression

arch of the azygos impression

tracheal impression

esophagus impression

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18
Q

left lung impressions

A

cardia impression

aortic arch impression

left subclavian artery impression

thoracic aorta impression

left brachiocephalic vein impression

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19
Q

trachea/bronchi

function

support layer

mucosa layer (epithelium

A

airway/structure

cartilage-rigid wall to resist collapse

pseudostratified - moistens air and traps and moves particles

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20
Q

bronchioles

function

support layer

mucosa layer (epithelium

A

flow control

smooth muscle - change tube diameter

simple

FINISH

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21
Q

trachea/bronchi

function

support layer

mucosa layer (epithelium

A

FINISH

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22
Q

_____of the respiratory system is very similar from the nasal cavity
through the bronchi

A

standard pseudostratified epithelium

23
Q
A
24
Q
A
25
Q

goblet cells

A

interspaced thorughout epithelium

mucus secretion into the airway lumen for moisture control and particle capture

26
Q

ciliated cells

A

predominant cell type

movement of mucus and captures particles up and out of the airway into to the oral cavity

27
Q

bassal cells

A

regenerate epithelium

28
Q
A
29
Q
A
30
Q
A
31
Q
A
32
Q
A
33
Q

respiratory epithelium

A

completely lines lumen of the trachea

34
Q

tracheal cartilage

A

c shaped

gives way to membrane along the posterior wall

flexible posterior wall includes trachealis, smooth muscle for constriction of the tracheal lumen

35
Q
A
36
Q
A
37
Q
A
38
Q
A
39
Q

finish slide 17

A
40
Q
A

muscociliary escalator

41
Q

mucociliary escalator is more prominent in ____ where ___ and ___ secrete a thin mucus

A

trachea and bronchi

goblet cells

submucosal glands

42
Q

Mucus ____ in mucociliary escalator

A

humidifies air and traps micro-organisms & foreign particles

43
Q

slide 18

A
44
Q

sqamous metaplasia

A

chronic irritation or damage to the respiratory epithelium leads to patches of widespread cell death

45
Q

in sqamous metaplasia, ___ is replaced with ___

A

Pseudostratified epithelium replaced with thick
stratified squamous epithelium

46
Q

slide 19

A
47
Q

slide 20

A
48
Q

Development of the respiratory tree begins as a __ of the ___ region of the ____.

A

ventral diverticulum

pharyngeal

foregut

49
Q

____ develops at 4 wks

A

lung bud

50
Q

airway lining comes from

A

endoderm

51
Q

supporting structures of the lungs comes from

A

visceral mesoderm

52
Q

Communication between ___ runs the entire length of the developing trachea

___ form at __ of developing trachea

Trachea is separated from the foregut (esophagus) by the development and closure of ____

Only remaining opening is ____

A

gut tube and respiratory diverticulum

Primary bronchi buds
distal end

tracheoesophageal ridges

the developing larynx

53
Q

slide 24-27

A

Anatomy Block 3 (7 decks)

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