L22 Biophysics: Kinetics Flashcards
Kinetic energies follow a…
Maxwell Boltzmann distribution
The maxwell Boltzmann distribution describes the relationship between temperature and…
Kinetic energy
The mean kinetic energy of a solution is determined by…
Temperature
3 factors influencing the rate of reaction…
- Kinetic energy (I.e. temperature)
- Catalysis
- Concentration
Higher concentration may increase rate of reaction due to an…
Increase in the number of collisions between reactants
Enzyme catalysis up increases the rate of reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a…
Lower activation energy
First order reactions increase in rate…
Linearly as concentration of reactant increases
As the concentration of reactants increases, second order reactants increase in rate…
Exponentially (I.e. [X]^2)
Reaction order must be determined experimentally as there may be…
Additional unknown rate limiting intermediate steps
At equilibrium the rate of reaction in both directions is equal. From this we can derive the…
Equilibrium constant
Equilibrium constant Kc is…
Fixed at a given temperature
If Kc is much more than 1, the reaction at equilibrium will yield mostly…
Product
If Kc is much less than 1, the reaction at equilibrium will yield mostly…
Reactant
If Kc is around 1 (~0.001 - 1000) the reaction at equilibrium will yield…
A mix of product and reactant
Equilibrium constant can be used to calculate the equilibrium concentrations given the…
Initial concentrations
Equilibrium constant can be calculated even when we don’t know the intermediate steps. This is known as the..
Principle of detailed balance (because at equilibrium backwards and forwards rates must be balanced, by definition)
To calculate equilibrium constant divide…
Concentrations of products by concentrations of reactants
all raised to the power of their respective orders
Le Chatalier’s principle describes how systems at equilibrium…
Respond to perturbation
Equilibrium can be visualised as the point of lowest energy on a parabolic curve. If we add more product and so move up the curve in one direction…
More reactant will be produced, thus sliding back to the equilibrium point
Delta G server,ones if a reaction is…
Favourable
Delta G is closely related to the…
Equilibrium constant
Small changes to delta G have a…
Big effect of the equilibrium constant
Because delta G is related by exponent
