L2 Nouns of Third Declension: suffixes Flashcards
Nouns of third declension
are somewhat different from those of the first and second declensions in that this class of nouns usually has two combining forms: one formed from the nominative singular, the dictionary form, and the other from a case other than the nominative. For this reason, Greek dictionaries and vocabularies cite the genitive singular, which usually ends in -os, along with the nominative case of these nouns. The combining form is found by dropping the ending -os. Sometimes the base of the genitive case is the same as the nominative case: cheir, cheiros (hand), and there is only one combining form. But usually they differ: see pg 17
-al
a Latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, located in:
bronchi-al
hypogloss-al
parenter-al
physchologic-al
-ase
forms names of enzymes
amyl-ase
lip-ase
malt-ase
lact-ase
-asia, -asis (rare)
form abstract nouns: state, condition
metachrom-asia
xer-asia
phlegm-asia
blepharochal-asis
-ema
forms abstract nouns: state, condition. The combining form of nouns ending in -ema is -emat
emphys-ema
eryth-ema
emphys-emat-ous
eryth-emat-ous
-esis
forms abstract nouns: state, condition, procedure
amniocent-esis
diur-esis
vasopar-esis
sudor-esis
-etic
forms adjectives, often from nouns ending in -esis:
pertaining to
diaphor-etic
gen-etic
diur-etic
sympath-etic
-ics, -tics
form nouns indicating a particular science or study: science or study of:
geriatr-ics
ortho-tics
pediatr-ics
therapeu-tics
-ism
forms abstract nouns: state, condition, quality:
astigmat-ism
phototrop-ism
thyroid-ism
synerg-ism
-ismus
forms abstract nouns: state, condition; muscular spasm:
esophag-ismus
strab-ismus
laryng-ismus
pharyng-ismus
-oid, (rarely) -ode, -id:
form both nouns and adjectives indicating a particular shape, form, or resemblance: like, resembling:
aden-oid
nemat-ode
arachn-oid
lip-id
-oma
forms abstract nouns: usually tumor; occasionally disease. The combining form of nouns ending in –oma is –omat-; the plural often is –omata:
carcin-oma
carcin-omat-osis
xanth-oma
xanth-omata
-ose
a Latin-derived adjectival suffix; also used to form names of chemical substances: full of, resembling:
ventr-ose
fruct-ose
varic-ose
gluc-ose
-ous
a Latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, characterized by, full of:
bili-ous
atrich-ous
ven-ous
venom-ous
tics
See-ics.
-us
a Latin noun-forming ending: condition, person (sometimes a malformed fetus):
hypothalam-us
microphthalm-us
hydrocephal-us
tetan-us
Verb Forming Suffix: -ize
a commonly used Greek-derived suffix that means “to make, become, cause to be, subject to, engage in.”
hypnot-ize
internal-ize
Chemical Substances
CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES There are many suffixes used to form names of chemical substances. Some of these are: -ate -ide -ite -one
(chlor-ate) (brom-ide) (nitr-ite) (testoster-one)
Preceding Hyphens
Combining forms preceded by a hyphen (e.g., -em-) are found only following a prefix or another combining form: anemia, leukemia, and so forth.
COLI-, CYSTI-, CHOLECYST-
Words beginning with or containing coli- usually refer to the colon bacillus, Escherichia coli. Words containing cyst(i)- usually refer to the urinary bladder. Words containing cholecyst- refer to the gallbladder.