L2 Nouns of Third Declension: suffixes

Question 1

Nouns of third declension

Answer 1

are somewhat different from those of the first and second declensions in that this class of nouns usually has two combining forms: one formed from the nominative singular, the dictionary form, and the other from a case other than the nominative. For this reason, Greek dictionaries and vocabularies cite the genitive singular, which usually ends in -os, along with the nominative case of these nouns. The combining form is found by dropping the ending -os. Sometimes the base of the genitive case is the same as the nominative case: cheir, cheiros (hand), and there is only one combining form. But usually they differ: see pg 17

Question 2

-al

Answer 2

a Latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, located in:

bronchi-al
hypogloss-al
parenter-al
physchologic-al

Question 3

-ase

Answer 3

forms names of enzymes

amyl-ase
lip-ase
malt-ase
lact-ase

Question 4

-asia, -asis (rare)

Answer 4

form abstract nouns: state, condition

metachrom-asia
xer-asia
phlegm-asia
blepharochal-asis

Question 5

-ema

Answer 5

forms abstract nouns: state, condition. The combining form of nouns ending in -ema is -emat

emphys-ema
eryth-ema
emphys-emat-ous
eryth-emat-ous

Question 6

-esis

Answer 6

forms abstract nouns: state, condition, procedure

amniocent-esis
diur-esis
vasopar-esis
sudor-esis

Question 7

-etic

Answer 7

forms adjectives, often from nouns ending in -esis:

pertaining to

diaphor-etic
gen-etic
diur-etic
sympath-etic

Question 8

-ics, -tics

Answer 8

form nouns indicating a particular science or study: science or study of:

geriatr-ics
ortho-tics
pediatr-ics
therapeu-tics

Question 9

-ism

Answer 9

forms abstract nouns: state, condition, quality:

astigmat-ism
phototrop-ism
thyroid-ism
synerg-ism

Question 10

-ismus

Answer 10

forms abstract nouns: state, condition; muscular spasm:

esophag-ismus
strab-ismus
laryng-ismus
pharyng-ismus

Question 11

-oid, (rarely) -ode, -id:

Answer 11

form both nouns and adjectives indicating a particular shape, form, or resemblance: like, resembling:

aden-oid
nemat-ode
arachn-oid
lip-id

Question 12

-oma

Answer 12

forms abstract nouns: usually tumor; occasionally disease. The combining form of nouns ending in –oma is –omat-; the plural often is –omata:

carcin-oma
carcin-omat-osis
xanth-oma
xanth-omata

Question 13

-ose

Answer 13

a Latin-derived adjectival suffix; also used to form names of chemical substances: full of, resembling:

ventr-ose
fruct-ose
varic-ose
gluc-ose

Question 14

-ous

Answer 14

a Latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, characterized by, full of:

bili-ous
atrich-ous
ven-ous
venom-ous

Question 15

tics

Answer 15

See-ics.

Question 16

-us

Answer 16

a Latin noun-forming ending: condition, person (sometimes a malformed fetus):

hypothalam-us
microphthalm-us
hydrocephal-us
tetan-us

Question 17

Verb Forming Suffix: -ize

Answer 17

a commonly used Greek-derived suffix that means “to make, become, cause to be, subject to, engage in.”

hypnot-ize
internal-ize

Question 18

Chemical Substances

Answer 18

CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES There are many suffixes used to form names of chemical substances. Some of these are: -ate -ide -ite -one

(chlor-ate) (brom-ide) (nitr-ite) (testoster-one)

Question 19

Preceding Hyphens

Answer 19

Combining forms preceded by a hyphen (e.g., -em-) are found only following a prefix or another combining form: anemia, leukemia, and so forth.

Question 20

COLI-, CYSTI-, CHOLECYST-

Answer 20

Words beginning with or containing coli- usually refer to the colon bacillus, Escherichia coli. Words containing cyst(i)- usually refer to the urinary bladder. Words containing cholecyst- refer to the gallbladder.