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RCS > (L2, L4) Cholinergic Drugs > Flashcards

(L2, L4) Cholinergic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

ACh is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinergic agonist
4- rapid miosis after lens delivery in cataract surgery & for other procedures where rapid miosis is required

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2
Q

________ is used for rapid miosis after lens delivery in cataract surgery & for other procedures where rapid miosis is required

A

ACh (cholinergic agonist)

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3
Q

Bethanechol is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- muscarinic agonist
4- postoperative / postpartum urinary retention and bladder atony

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4
Q

________ is used for postoperative / postpartum urinary retention and bladder atony

A

bethanechol (muscarinic agonist)

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5
Q

Carbachol is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- nicotinic and muscarinic agonist
4- miosis during surgery and to reduce intraocular pressure after cataract surgery

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6
Q

________ is used for miosis during surgery and to reduce intraocular pressure after cataract surgery

A

carbachol (nicotinic + muscarinic agonist)

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7
Q

Methacholine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- direct acting cholinergic agent, choline ester
2- quaternary ammonium
3- muscarinic agonist
4- Asthma Dx

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8
Q

________ is used in the diagnosis of not clinically apparent asthma (explain)

A

methacholine (muscarinic agonist): stimulates M3 activation => brochoconstriction (+ inc secretions); a FCV drop by 20% indicates asthma

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9
Q

Pilocarpine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- direct-acting cholinergic agent, natural alkaloid
2- tertiary amine
3- partial muscarinic agonist
4- 2nd line agent in open angle glaucoma, acute angle glaucoma management, and dry mouth in patients undergoing chemotherapy in head/neck tumors or with Sjogren’s syndrome

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10
Q

________ is used as a 2nd line agent in open angle glaucoma, acute angle glaucoma management, and dry mouth in patients undergoing chemotherapy in head/neck tumors or with Sjogren’s syndrome

A

pilocarpine (partial muscarinic agonist)

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11
Q

Nicotine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- direct-acting cholinergic agent, natural alkaloid OR ganglion blocker
2- tertiary amine
3- nicotinic agonist (depolarizing agent: stimulation (low doses) followed by paralysis (high doses))
4- smoking cessation (no other uses)

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12
Q

Edrophonium is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- myasthenia gravis Dx, reverse neuromuscular block by non-depolarizing blocker

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13
Q

_______ is used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and to reverse neuromuscular block by non-depolarizing blocker

A

edrophonium (anti-AChE)

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14
Q

Physostigmine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, carbamate
2- tertiary amine
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- Tx for anti-cholinergic overdoses

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15
Q

_________ is used to treat overdoses of anti-cholinergic drugs

A

physostigmine (anti-AChE)

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16
Q

Neostigmine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, carbamate
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- myasthenia gravis Tx, reverse effects of non-depolarizing blocker after surgery, post-operative urinary retention

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17
Q

________ is used to treat myasthenia gravis, reverse effects of non-depolarizing blocker after surgery, and post-operative urinary retention

A

neostigmine (anti-AChE)

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18
Q

Pyridostigmine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, carbamate
2- quaternary ammonium
3- cholinesterase inhibitor
4- myasthenia gravis Tx

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19
Q

________ is used to treat myasthenia gravis

A

-pyridostigmine (its only function)
-neostigmine (has other functions)
[edrophonium for Dx]

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20
Q

Echothiophate is (1) type cholinergic drug with a (2) MOA. It is used for the following: (3).

A

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, organophosphate
2- cholinesterase inhibitor
3- glaucoma Tx (rarely)

21
Q

______ is rarely used in glaucoma treatment

A

echothiophate (anti-AChE)

22
Q

Parathion and Melathion are (1) type cholinergic drugs with a (2) MOA. It is used for the following: (3).

A

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, organophosphate
2- cholinesterase inhibitor
3- insecticides

23
Q

________ are used as insecticides

A

parathion, malathion (anti-AChE)

24
Q

Sarin is (1) type cholinergic drug with a (2) MOA. It is used for the following: (3).

A

1- indirect-acting cholinergic agonist, organophosphate
2- cholinesterase inhibitor
3- nerve agent, chemical warfare

25
Q

_________ is a serious nerve agent (used in warfare)

A

sarin gas (anti-AChE)

26
Q

Atropine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist
2- tertiary amine
3- reversible competitive
4- antispasmodic (GI, bladder), antidote for cholinergic agonists / muscarinic mushrooms, blocks respiratory secretions before surgery

27
Q

_______ is used as an antispasmodic (GI, bladder), antidote for cholinergic agonists / muscarinic mushrooms, and blocks respiratory secretions before surgery

A

atropine (reversible competitive muscarinic antagonist)

28
Q

Scopolamine is (1) type cholinergic drug in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form with a (3) MOA. It is used for the following: (4).

A

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist
2- tertiary amine
3- reversible competitive
4- prevent motion sickness, induce mydriasis/cycloplegia in Dx procedures, blocks short-term memory with anesthetias

29
Q

_________ is used to prevent motion sickness, induce mydriasis/cycloplegia in diagnostic procedures, and blocks short-term memory (used in anesthetic procedures)

A

scopolamine (reversible competitive muscarinic antagonist)

30
Q

Ipratropium and Tiotropium are (1) type cholinergic drugs in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form. It is used for the following: (3).

A

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist
2- quaternary ammonium
3- COPD, asthma attacks

31
Q

________ is used to treat COPD and asthma attacks

A

ipratropium, tiotropium (muscarinic antagonist, inhalant)

32
Q

Homatropine and Tropicamide are (1) type cholinergic drugs in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form. It is used for the following: (3).

A

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist
2- tertiary amine
3- mydriasis in fundoscopy exam

33
Q

________ is used for mydriasis in fundoscopy exam

A

homatropine, tropicamide (muscarinic antagonist)

34
Q

Benzotropine and Trihexyphenidyl are (1) type cholinergic drugs in the (quaternary ammonium / tertiary amine) form. It is used for the following: (3).

A

1- muscarinic receptor antagonist
2- tertiary amine
3- Parkinson’s disease, reverse extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotic drugs

35
Q

_________ is used to treat Parkinson’s disease and to reverse extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotics

A

benzotropine, trihexyphenidyl (muscarinic antagonist)

36
Q

Glycopyrrolate is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

A

1- muscarinic antagonist

2- inhibit GI motility (orally), prevent bradycardia during surgical procedures (parenterally)

37
Q

________ is used to inhibit GI motility and prevent bradycardia during surgical procedures

A

glycopyrrolate (muscarinic antagonist)

38
Q

Tolterodine is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

A

1- muscarinic antagonist

2- overactive bladder Tx

39
Q

________ is used to treat overactive bladder

A

tolterodine (muscarinic antagonist)

40
Q

Hexamethonium and Mecamylamine are (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

A

1- nicotinic antagonists, ganglion blockers

2- hexamethonium used to be used for HTN

41
Q

________ used to be HTN medicine, but had very little therapeutic effects

A

hexamethonium (nicotinic antagonist)

42
Q

Tubocararine is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

A

1- competitive nicotinic (Nm) antagonist, NMJ non-depolarizing blocker
2- during surgery to relax skeletal muscles

43
Q

_______ is an adjuvant used in anesthesia to relax skeletal muscles during surgery

A

tubocararine (competitive nicotinic (Nm) antagonist, NMJ non-depolarizing blocker)

44
Q

Succinylcholine is (1) type cholinergic drug used for the following: (2).

A

1- nicotinic (Nn) agonist, NMJ depolarizing blocker

2- rapid endotracheal intubation, ECT

45
Q

_______ is used for rapid endotracheal intubation and ECT (electro-convulsion therapy)

A

succinylcholine

46
Q

________ is a ACh inhibitor used as a research tool

A
  • hemicholinium-3 (ACh synthesis inhibitor via CHT inhibition)
  • Vesamicol (ACh storage inhibitor via VChAT inhibition)
47
Q

(1) blocks ACh synthesis by (2) MOA and is used for (3)

A

1- hemicholinium-3
2- CHT inhibition
3- research

48
Q

(1) blocks ACH storage by (2) MOA and is used for (3)

A

1- vesamicol
2- VChAT inhibition
3- research

49
Q

(1) inhibits ACh release from pre-synaptic neuron in order to treat (2)

A

1- botulinum toxin

2- muscle spasm diseases (blepharospasm), facial wrinkles

RCS (29 decks)

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