L2 - Classical Conditioning Flashcards
How do you measure different types of classical conditioning?
Acquisition
Extinction
Spontaneous recovery
Conditioned inhibition
What is an unlearned association?
Experiencing stimulus automatically triggers response
What is an unconditioned stimuli?
Automatically elicit unlearned unconditioned responses because of a pre-existing unlearned association
They have motivational value - nice or nasty
What is an unconditioned response?
Can be like a fixed action pattern, involuntary reflex
They can be overt muscular responses or internal
e.g. tickle –> squirm
What are pre-existing mental links?
Fixed action patterns
Unconditioned stimulus - unconditioned response links
What happens during classical conditioning?
Tickle is US because it is linked to UR
Cough is CS
When cough or tickle perceived, patterns of mental activity occur this activates mental representations
Their two mental representations become simultaneously activated
Presenting the cough makes you think of the tickle and giggle
How does association explains behaviour change?
Hearing cough excites the mental representation of tickle
CS presentation now indirectly elicits UR
This is CR
Is classical conditioning S-R learning?
No
When a child laughs so much when being tickled they then stop
If you cough now, they won’t giggle
If classical conditioning was S-R they would still giggle regardless
What is Jenkins and Moore 1973 research?
Compare keypeck CR - US is grain or water
Pingeons eat grain with open beak and closed eyes
But drink water with closed beak and open eyes
Autoshaping - classical conditioning procedure e.g. pair keylight with food CR is to peck
What is stimulus substitution?
CS makes you think of US - you expect it
Pigeons peck grain, when keylight is paired, they peck keylight
If it is a tone, not a keylight, they flap about
Sensory properties of food affect CR
What is second order conditioning?
CS1 (purple wrapper) - US (chocolate)
CS2 (box) - CS1 (purple wrapper)
I want that box
Learned to positively or negatively through associations
Can classical conditioning occur without reinforcement?
Yes
Because it is not S-R learning
S-R requires reinforcement
Sensory preconditioning
You never tried chocolate, but know the purple wrapper is in the box, try the chocolate, now you like the box
Can classical conditioning occur without a response?
Yes
Tone predicts light, box with sweets, no response
Then pair light with purple sweet
Learned without a response
What is Skinner’s rat box?
Animal experiment
Pair tones and lights with shock or food
Tone - food
Tone - shock
What is suppression ratio?
Rate CS / (rate before + rate CS)
Before training: 20 responses per min, 20 responses per min with CS
After training: 20 responses per min, 5 responses per min with CS
