L17 - Sexual Behaviour

Question 1

True or False

Animals have both sex, and gender

Answer 1

FALSE

Animals only have sex and NOT gender

Question 2

True or False

Animals ALWAYS have a fixed sex

Answer 2

FALSE

Some animals are inter-sex/hermaphrodite/can change sex during life

Question 3

What is the prossess of sexual maturity on clownfish

Answer 3

All clownfish are born male and then the largest most dominant member of the group will become a female. There is typically only one female in a group of clownfish.

Question 4

Is there homosexuality in the animal kingdom?

Answer 4

YES.

Question 5

What is KIN SELECTION?

Answer 5

displaying altruistic behavior to help related individuals

Question 6

What is INCLUSIVE FITNESS?

Answer 6

ability to pass genes on to the next generation (including shared genes passed on by relatives)

Question 7

What is HAMILTON’S RULE?

Answer 7

r • B > C

relatedness x Benefit > Cost

Question 8

How can homosexuality evolve?

Answer 8

By KIN SELECTION

‘gay’ uncles and aunts are better at supporting their neices and nefews than ‘streight’ aunts and uncles

Question 9

What is a MATING SYSTEM?

Answer 9

how animals gain access to the opposite sex

Question 10

PROMISCUITY/POLYGYNANDRY

Answer 10

Many males mating with many females

Question 11

What is the evolutinary difference between PROMISCUITY and POLYGYNANDRY?

Answer 11

Promiscuity: evolves when animls are largely solitary. Mostly non-social animals (largely reptiles and amphibians). Basically mate with the first person you come accross.

Polygynandry: many males and many females living in a large stable social group. Everyone mates with everyone. Everyone most likely participates in parental care. Mostly in mammalian social groups

Question 12

What is MONOGAMY?

Answer 12

One male and one female in a stable partnership. Not nessisarily an exclusive sexual partnership (social monogamy). Mos common in birds. Usually assosiated with bi-parental care

Question 13

What is Polygyny?

Answer 13

One male amungst many females. Most common in mammals. Often diven by female sociality - female groups and single male popping in and out.

Question 14

What is POLYANDRY?

Answer 14

One FEMALE amungst many males. FAirly uncommon. Thought to be evolutinarily adapted in situations where it is benificial for the female to have multiple mating opportunities - higher genetically different offspring

Question 15

What are the phases of sexual behavior?

Answer 15

1. Appetitive Phase
2. Consummatory Phase

Question 16

Sexual behavior is what kind of behavior?

Answer 16

Motivated behavior

Question 17

What is the term used for the underlying STATE of sexual behaviors?

Answer 17

Libido