L16: Drug treatment of depression Flashcards
Examples of biological symptoms
- changes in weight
- sleep disturbances
- fatigue
Examples of emotional symptoms
- sadness
- low self esteem
- suicidal thoughts
- loss of enjoyment
most important areas of the brain contributing to depression
1) prefrontal cortex
2) amygdala
3) hypothalamus
4) hippocampus
Function of prefrontal cortex
Cognitive aspects
Function of amygdala
Regulates emotions
Function of hypothalamus
Regulates mood, appetite, energy
Function of hippocmapus
Memory processing
What does iproniazid block?
Enzyme monoamine oxidase
What is anhedonia?
Loss of enjoyment in pleasurable activities
What is iproniazid?
Developed for tuberculosis
- Improve mood, appetite & sleep
What enzyme does Iproniazid block?
Monoamine Oxidase (MAO)
Example of monoamines
NA, DA, 5-HT
Which sites can drug actions occur in?
1) Monoamine reuptake inhibition
2) Monoamine breakdown inhibition
3) Monoamine receptor modulation
Mechanism & effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
Block monoamine oxidase (MAO), preventing breakdown of NA, 5-HT & DA\
- Increase monoamine levels
Mechanism & effects of Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
Block NA & 5-HT reuptake transporters, to increase NA & 5-HT levels in the synapse
Mechanism & effects of Serotonin & Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
Selectively inhibits 5-HT & NA reuptake, so increases 5-HT & NA in synapse
Mechanism & effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Selectively inhibit 5-HT reuptake, which increases serotonin levels
Mechanism & effects of Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (NRIs)
Selectively block NA reuptake, which increases NA levels
