L13- Urban Jungle (Rural life, Citylife)

Question 1

tranquil
 /ˈtræŋ.kwɪl/ US /ˈtræn-/
 (adjective)
tranquilly 
/ˈtræŋ.kwɪ.li/

Answer 1

calm and peaceful and without noise, violence, anxiety
The hotel is in a tranquil rural setting.
a small tranquil village
living in peace and tranquillity
I love the tranquillity of the countryside.

Question 2

cottage

Answer 2

a small house, usually in the countryside:

They live in an idyllic country/thatched cottage, with roses round the door.

Question 3

idyllic /ˈɪd.əlik/

Answer 3

peaceful and beautiful; perfect, without problems:
a house set in idyllic surroundings * to lead an idyllic existence * The cottage sounds idyllic.
Every year thousands of people flee the big cities in search of the pastoral/rural idyll.
روستایی

Question 4

frantic

Answer 4

If an activity is frantic, things are done quickly and in an energetic but disorganized way, because there is very little time.
A busy night in the restaurant can be frantic in the kitchen.
I’ve been working frantically all week to get it finished on time.

Question 5

sense of community

Answer 5

There’s a real sense of community (= caring and friendly feeling) in this neighbourhood.

Question 6

serenity

Answer 6

peaceful and calm; troubled by nothing:
She has a lovely serene face.
I admired her serenity in the midst of so much chaos.
هرج ومرج ،بى نظمى کامل ،شلوغى ،اشفتگى

Question 7

alienated

/eIliEneIt/

Answer 7

to make it difficult for someone to belong to a particular group or to feel comfortable with a particular person
Gina had become increasingly alienated from her family

Question 8

exodus

Answer 8

the movement of a lot of people from a place:

There has been a mass exodus of workers from the villages to the towns.

Question 9

sewage system

Answer 9

فاضلاب

sanitation
essential to maintaining sanitation in densely populated areas.

Question 10

Urban sprawl

Answer 10

پراکندگى شهری

Question 11

inner-city slums

Answer 11

a densely populated usually urban area marked by crowding, dirty run-down housing, poverty, and social disorganization

Question 12

housing estate

Answer 12

BR.
an area in which a large number of houses or flats/apartments are planned and built together at the same time:
They live on/in a housing estate.

شهرک

Question 13

shanty town

Answer 13

an area in or near a town where poor people live in shanties,very cheaply built houses

Question 14

concrete jungle

Answer 14

If you refer to a city or area as a concrete jungle, you mean that it has a lot of modern buildings and you think it is ugly or unpleasant to live in.

Question 15

recreational activities/facilities/interests

/ˌrek.riˈeɪ.ʃən.əl/

Answer 15

relating to things people do in their spare time to relax.
…parks and other recreational facilities.
…recreational use of alcohol.
the provision of recreation facilities (=places or equipment for people to use to enjoy themselves)
تهیه. تدارکات