L13 Antimuscarinic Drug Flashcards
Parkinson’s disease
- benzhexol, benztropine
Motion sickness
- hyoscine
Ophthalmoscopic examination of retina (mydriasis, cycloplegia)
- atropine (5-6 days)
- homatropine (12-24h)
- cyclopentolate (3-6h)
- tropicamide (15-60m)
Preoperative medication for anesthesia- to dry airway secretion
IV atropine, glycopyrrolate
Asthma, COPD
- Ipratropium
- Tiotropium
(bronchodilators)
Marked reflex vagal discharge (vasovagal attack, hyperactive carotid sinus reflexes)
IV atropine
Peptic ulcer disease
- Propantheline, pirenzepine, glycopyrrolate
Disease involves autoantibodies that exert parasympathomimetic actions on the heart- Chagas’ disease
Atropine
Antispasmodic and decrease hypermotility in diarrhoea
Hyoscine
Irritable bowel syndrome
Dicyclomine
Relieve bladder spasm
Oxybutynin
Urinary incontinence
Oxybutynin, tolterodine, fesoterodine, darifenacin, solifenacin, propiverine
Atropine toxicity in adult
- Dry mouth
- Mydriasis
- Tachycardia
- Hot& flushed skin
- Agitation (焦虑)
- Delirium (神智失常)
Treatments
Cool blanket > hyperthermia
Seizure > diazepam
Antidote > physostigmine
Pharmacodynamic - CNS effect
- low dose: sedation, mild restlessness
- high dose: agitation, excitement, disorientation
- reduction of motion sickness
- anti-parkinsonism