L12 Cholinomimetic agonists therapeutic applications

Question 1

Drugs used to treat glaucoma

Answer 1

• direct agonist: pilocarpine, methacholine
• indirect agonist: physostigmine, echothiophate, demecarium
• alpha agonist: brimonidine, apraclonidine
• beta-blockers: timolol, betaxolol

Question 2

How glaucoma can be treated?

Answer 2

• contract ciliary body
• facilitate outflow of aq. humour
• decrease IOP

Question 3

Accommodative esotropia (abnormal alignment of eye)

Answer 3

• treat with cholinomimetic agonists

Question 4

Postoperative ileus (paralysis of the stomach or bowel after surgery)

Answer 4

PO bethanechol
SC/ PO neostigmine

Question 5

Atony of urinary bladder, urinary retention

Answer 5

SC bethanechol
SC/ PO neostigmine

Question 6

Dry mouth associated with Sjogren’s syndrome

Answer 6

PO pilocarpine
PO cevimeline

Question 7

NMJ - Myasthenia gravis

Answer 7

• can be treated by cholinesterase inhibitor (neostigmine, pyridostigmine)
• can be diagnosed by edrophonium
• symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal cramps, increased salivation,