L13 Flashcards
LCC
LIFE CYCLE COST/ING
- STRICTLY A COST EXERCISE THROUGHOUT LIFE CYCLE
- WHEN I BUY SOMETHING, YOU DON’T JUST LOOK AT THE PRICE TAG
- THERE’S ALSO OTHER COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH IT
WHEN DOES THE CLIENT DON’T WANT TO KNOW LCC
- WHEN YOU WORK W/DEVELOPPER WHO SELLS CONDOS AND WALK AWAY, HE’S DONE W/EVERYTHING!
5 TYPES OF L.C.C COSTS
M.O.D.I.T.S
1- INITIAL COSTS
2- SERVICE COSTS
3- MAINTENANCE COSTS
4- OPERATING COSTS
5- DISPOSAL COSTS
6- TRANSPO. COSTS
7 ACTIONS OF LCC
M.O.P._F.I.D2 - DRAW!!!
1- PURCHASE
2- INSTALLATION
3- OPERATING
4- MAINTENANCE
5- FINANCING
6- DEPRECIATION
7- DISPOSAL
CLARK CENTER, STANFORD UNIVERSITY CRITERIAS BY NORMAN FOSTER
- Curtain wall criteria: Aesthetics, and energy performance
- COMPARE OPTIONS FOR CURT. wall
A, B , C - HOW LONG DOEST IT TAKE TO GET BACK THE MONEY YOU INTITIALLY INVESTED WITH THAT OPTION VS THE OTHER OPTION?
STANDARD BASIC GLAZING: $400K
HVAC COST/ HOW MUCH HEAT GAIN: $
BASE OPTION VS. IMPROVED OPTION (DOING COMPARISONS) WCH ONE IS BETTER
- BASE LESS EXPENSIVE
- IMPROVED OPTION: MORE EXPENSIVE
SAVE 20K$ IF GO TO IMPROVED OPTION
- IMPROVED OPTION IS BETTER!!!! WORTH IT! PAY MORE BECAUSE YOU SAVE MORE MONEY IN ENERGY COSTS IN THE LONG RUN!
PAYBACK PERIOD
- AMOUNT OF TIME
- it takes to get back the money initially invested
PAYBACK PERIOD OF CLARK CENTRE STANFORD UNIVERSITY
6 YRS
4 TYPES OF COSTS FOR VEHICLES; Metro Vancouver example
1- PURCHASE COST
2- FUEL COST
3- CARBON COST
4- LCC
L.C.A
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
- ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS THROUGHOUT LIFE CYCLE
- consists of measuring the building’s environmental damage throughout its lifecycle.
- COMPARISON bw 2 things!!!!
- HUMAN HEALTH ECOSYSTEM QUALITY CLIMATE CHANGE RESOURCE DEPLETION
6 COMPONENTS OF L.C.A (MEDPRU)
1- RESOURCES
2- PROCESSING
3- MANUFACTURING
4- DISTRIBUTION
5- USE
6- END OF LIFE
WHY IS TOYOTA PRIUS BETTER THAN CHEVY VOLT, THERE’S A NUANCE
- 5K GRAND OFFERS FOR E-CARS!
-IF WE TAKE THIS OUT THE CHEVY VOLT IS NOT A GOOD OPTION ANYMORE!
IF WE WERE TRYING TO REDUCE UPFRONT CARBON, WCH ONE SHOULD WE USE?
CELLULOSE! PLANTS = RENEWABLE ENERGY!
CO2E
- TYPE TO MEASURE C02
- CARBON DIOXIDE ESTIMATE/EQUIVALENT?
- called estimate because it hasn’t been produced yet
- THEY ABSORB C02 = ACHIEVED R- VALUES
WHY USE LCA
- To compare the potential impacts of different systems. (We’re not just concerned about costs $$$ )
4 FOCUS LCA
- HUMAN HEALTH
- ECOSYSTEM QLTY
- CLIMATE CHANGE C.C
- RESOURCE DEPLETION
HOW DOES A BUILDING GENERATE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS? (9) C.U.T.E.M.M.I.R.D
RELELEASING EMBODIED CARBON THROUGH:
EXTRACTION
TRANSPORT
CONSTRUCTION
INSTALLATION
MANUFACTURE
USE
MAINTENANCE
RENOVATION
DEMOLITION
2 TYPES OF EMBODIED CARBON
1- UPFRONT CARBON
2- OPERATIONAL CARBON
What do you think is greater,
upfront or operational carbon?
- UPFRONT CARBON
ENVIRONMENTAL PAYBACK PERIOD (LCA STUDY)
Time it takes for the environmental impact
to be the same as the alternative
ALWAYS MAKE COMPARISON!
WHAT DO YOU CALL A CARBON THAT IS ALREADY EMMITED
UPFRONT CARBON
ALREADY IN THE PAST!
IT REALLY DEPENDS SUCH AS THE CITY, TRANSPO. CLIMATE FACTORS
ENVIRONMENTAL PAYBACK PERIOD ? HOW MANY YEARS COMPARED TO A NEW VS EXISTING BLDG
10 to 80 YEARS
- to overcome, through efficient operations,
- the negative climate change impacts related to the construction process.
WHAT IS THE MAGIC NUMBER (YEARS) FOR BLDGS
26 YRS
2050-2024 = COP TARGET!!!!!
BUCHANAN BUILDING, UBC ISSUE?
DEMOLISH AND BUILD NEW VERSUS
RENOVATE EXISTING BUILDING
THEY DID A STUDY, AND LCC MAYBE THEY CAN REUSE IT?
EPPAYBACK BUCHANAN BUILDING, UBC ISSUE?
38 YRS
WHEN should the Net carbon emissions savings for the new building begin?
begin only after 38 years.
- TOTAL CARBON EMISSIONS OVER 80 YEARS: ONLY 5% LOWER WITH NEW BUILDING = minimal and not worth it therefore keep the old, renovate it bc E.P.P DID NOT MAKE SENSE
IF EPP WAS 5 YRS, = ENERGY EFF. YES IT MAKES SENSE BUT 38 YRS WAS NOT
WHY
B/C UPRONT CARBON EMITTED IS SO HIGH
- TREMENDOUS CARBON EMISSIONS ARE BEING EMITTED= CAN’T BE IGNORED! EVEN IF IT’S LEED!
UPFRONT CARBON
- IS EMMITTED BEFORE A BLDG IS
- OPERATIONAL AND
- CAN SIGNIFICANTLY OUTWEIGH
4 EXAMPLES OF STANDARD RATING SYSTEMS IN CANADA
1- LEED
2- PASSIVE HOUSE
3- BATIMENT PASSIF QUEBEC
4- NATIONAL ENERGY CODES OF CANADA 2020
Functional statements ACCDNG TO energy code (4 LIMITS) W.A.T.E
- Limit air leakage
- Limit thermal transfer
- Limit energy consumption
- Limit water consumption
WEAKNESS OF CODES
THEY ONLY CARE THE AMOUNT OF RVALUE OF R30 ON YOUR WALLS, THEY DON’T CARE WHAT TYPE OF INSULATION YOU USED
- DO MORE DAMAGE THAN GOOD, DON’T LOOK AT THE OPERATIONAL, BUT THE UPFRONT
CONS WITH LEED
- TOO WIDE RANGING
- NOT FOCUSING ON CARBON/OPERATIONAL
- POINTS ARE EASILY GET WITHIN THE IMPACT CATEGORIES
- that demonstrates a minimum of 10% reduction
- they just target the minimum and it’s pathetic that it’s very easy to attain Leed Certificate
LCA & LEED - CASE STUDY
SOPREMA MANUFACTURIng FACILITY
WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO, 2019 ALL-NEW CONSTRUCTION, wch category are they aiming for the have points
Materials and Resources” (MR) category.
5 elements of a structure and say it from highest to lowest % total mass of materials
S.S.I.O.R
Structure
Footings, foundations, below-grade insulation & membranes, ground floor slab
= 87%
Superstructure
Steel beams, columns, etc
= 6%
Interiors
= 4%
Outer envelope
Sandwich panels, aluminum cladding, glazing, metal studs, air & vapour barriers
=2%
Roofing
Membrane, insulation, green roof
=1%
HOW TO ACHIEVE LEED POINTS IN THIS CATEGORY?
- Minimum 10% reduction
- in at least three of the six impact categories
- one of which must be global warming potential.
To wch bldg soprema was compared?
To a Reference Building not green
Per m^2
2 most carbon emitting materials
Concrete and insulation
Passive House Goal
Focused more on performance criteria of the building = energy efficiency performance
Con of Passive House
R60 for this you got the passive medal
But again the type of ins used could be extremely polluting
Lca example on a case study about roofs
Choose light coloured roofing
1- Painting roof white= worst + elastomeric
2- White epdm mebrane roof is good
3- Green roof worst= maintenance, plants, polluting
C.i.r.a.i.g
Centre
International
De reference sur
L’analyse du cycle de vie
Et la transition durable
Ways used to reduce heat island effect on roofs HIGH VS. LOW ALBEIDO
LET’S REDUCE THE HEAT ISLAND EFFECT BY REPLACING TRADITIONAL ROOFS WITH ALTERNATIVES
4 High embodied carbon material examples b.s.s.d
Brick
Spray foam
Steel
Drywall
Reduced Embodied Carbon Ins
- cork
- linoleum
- fibreglass
- cellulose very good and has a negative value
Wch phase causes most emissions p.p
Product phase
