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MPTY03 > L12 - COGNITIVE ORIENTED STRATEGIES > Flashcards

L12 - COGNITIVE ORIENTED STRATEGIES Flashcards

1
Q

What is the focus of psychologically informed therapies?

A

How communication skills can be used to minimize the impact of chronic pain
It serves as a middle way between traditional biomedical or bio mechanically focused care and mental health treatment.
Enhancement of MSK practice by restoring function, rengaging activity & preventing secondary disability

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2
Q

What does Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) integrate?

A

Both cognitive and behavioral strategies

CBT addresses maladaptive thought patterns and promotes adaptive coping mechanisms.

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3
Q

What are the applications of CBT?

A
  • Chronic pain management
  • Anxiety
  • Depression
  • Behavioral change in rehabilitation
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4
Q

Define Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT).

A

A PT-based approach integrating cognitive, behavioral, and functional components to address pain and movement dysfunctions.

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5
Q

What is the primary aim of CFT?

A

Help patients with LBP identify and overcome modifiable factors that break the cycle of pain-related disability.

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6
Q

What is mindfulness in the context of stress reduction?

A

A state of conscious presence of mind, experiencing the moment, oneself, and the environment.

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7
Q

List the goals of mindfulness-based stress reduction.

A
  • Improves functional capacity
  • Improves pain management
  • Improves quality of life
  • Change in subjective perception of pain
  • Reduction of chronicity
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8
Q

What does Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) encourage?

A

Acceptance of unavoidable experiences while committing to values-driven actions.

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9
Q

What are cognitive strategies?

A

Sets of mental and behavioral processes consciously implemented to achieve set goals and solve problems.

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10
Q

How do cognitive strategies enhance health outcomes?

A

By leveraging the patient’s cognitive processes for motor performance, pain management, and rehabilitation.

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11
Q

What is mental imagery/visualization?

A

Visualizing successful performance or reduced pain to enhance outcomes.

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12
Q

What is the main mechanism through which pain perception is influenced?

A

Pain is influenced by attention, interpretation, beliefs, expectations, cognition, emotion, coping strategy, and pain behavior.

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13
Q

What is the fear-avoidance model?

A

Description: Painful injury may result in catastrophizing & fear, leading to avoidance of certain movements, which leads to more avoidance, dysfunction, depression & ultimately more pain

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14
Q

What psychological processes are featured in the fear-avoidance model? Describe mechanisms et strategies

A
  • Coping interpretation featuring catastrophizing
  • Emotions: fear, worry, and depression
  • Attention: hyper-vigilance
  • Behavior: avoidance of movement

Mechanism: activity avoidance leads to physical degeneration & social
isolation => vicious circle
Strategies: Graded exposure to feared activities

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15
Q

What does the stress-diathesis model highlight?

A

A person predisposed to pain has it worse due to high levels of stress and limited coping resources.

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16
Q

What is the self-efficacy model?

A

It highlights the role of belief in one’s ability to manage pain.

17
Q

What is the acceptance/contentment model focused on?

A
  • Coping strategies = dependent on person’s acceptance of current state
  • Management with minimizing focus on factors out of control
  • Focus on acceptance of current condition
  • Become content to manage current state
  • Move forward/turn page
18
Q

What is a key principle in the assessment phase of chronic pain management?

A

Psychological factors impacting pain outcomes are not routinely assessed.

19
Q

What is a common complication in pain management related to emotional health?

A

Depression or a history of depression complicates pain management.

20
Q

Fill in the blank: Pain is a perception generated by the _______.

A

brain

21
Q

What should be tailored in treatment planning for chronic pain?

A

Treatment planning should account for individual differences in beliefs and attitudes about pain.

22
Q

What is the role of acceptance in improving pain outcomes?

A

Acceptance and self-management improve pain outcomes.

23
Q

What is a strategy for managing chronic pain based on the mis-directed problem-solving model?

A

Cognitive-behavioral therapy to shift focus from pain to solutions.

24
Q

What is problem-solving?

A

structured approaches to tackle pain-related challenges

25
Q

What is cognitive reframing ?

A

changing unhelpful beliefs & perspectives about pain

26
Q

What is distraction?

A

redirecting attention to reduce intensity of perceived pain

27
Q

What is self-monitoring ?

A

Reflecting on behaviors & thoughts patterns to improve self-awareness

28
Q

What is dual-task training?

A

combining physical tasks with cognitive challenges to enhance rehabilitation

29
Q

What is the key techniques of cognitive strategies ?

A

Mental imagery / visualization
Problem-solving
Cognitive reframing
Distraction
Self-monitoring
Dual-task training

30
Q

What are the applications of cognitive strategies?

A

Applications
- Improving motor performance
- Managing chronic pain & reducing emotional distress
- Supporting adherence to rehabilitation protocols

31
Q

Description of pain experience

A

Pain experience
- Psychosocial factors contribute to pain experience & development of persistent pain & disability
- Pain has clear emotional & behavioral consequences influencing development of persistent problems & outcome of treatment
- Pain in absence of physical injury due to complex neural & psychological processes
- Pain = perception generated by brain, not direct measure of tissue damage:
o Tissues healed within 3-6 months
o Persistent pain: > 3 months
o Psychogenic / psychosomatic, central sensitization, Phantom pain, Hyperalgesia
- Psychological factors are catalyst for transition acute to chronic cases

32
Q

Description of pain behaviors

A

Pain is private, complex experience but can be viewed as a set of behaviors & be analyzed:
- Verbal expressions (complaints, exclamations)
- Non-verbal expressions (facial expression, body postures, movement patterns,
use of assistive devices)
- Emotional responses (irritability, tearfulness)

33
Q

Definition of psychosocial pain models

A

= frameworks for understanding & addressing psychological distress in persistent pain/conditions

34
Q

What are key models of psychosocial pain models

A

Fear-avoidance model
Mis-directed problem-solving model
Stress-diathesis model
Self-efficacy model
Acceptance / contentment model

35
Q

Description , featured, mechanism & strategies of mis-directed problem-solving model

A

Description: worry and narrower view of nature of problem, making it less likely to solve problem

Psychological processes featured:
- Emotions: worry as driving force
- Attention: pain demands attention
- Cognitions: beliefs about cause of pain
- Behavior: attempts to solve problem

Mechanism: hypervigilance to pain symptoms contributes to rumination & failed attempts to escape pain
=> vicious circle

Strategies: Cognitive-behavioral therapy to shift focus from pain to solutions.

36
Q

What are featured, mechanisms & strategies of stress-diathermies model?

A

Psychological processes featured:
- Emotions: stress, depression & anxiety
- Behavior: coping strategies & skills

Mechanisms: protective psychosocial factors buffer emotional impact of pain, whereas distress & emotional dysregulation predispose to pain

Strategies: improve stress management shills & social support

37
Q

What are the features, mechanism & strategies of self-efficacy model ?

A

Psychological processes featured:
- Cognitive: beliefs concerning controllability of pain
- Behavior: coping skills

Mechanism: fluctuating pain reduces perceptions of control & master over pain

Strategies: improving self-efficacy & management strategies to reduce dependence

38
Q

What are the features, mechanisms & strategies of acceptance / contentment model?

A

Psychological processes featured:
- Emotions: anger & frustration
- Cognitive: flexibility in beliefs, life goals & commitment
- Behavior: commitment, pursuing goals

Mechanism: repeated attempts to control or alleviate pain leads to frustration

Strategies: provide realistic treatment goals & encourage patient participation in decision making

39
Q

Principles of management

A

Table

MPTY03 (27 decks)

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