L10 Flashcards
psychpathy
personality disorder that includes a cluster of interpersonal, affective, lifestyle and antisocial traits and beh
-h. cleckley (1941)
-influ by psychodynamic theory (personality and beh variables)
-not all psychop are criminals (take up 20 to 30% of prision pop… its just easier for them to engage in violence
PCL-R Psychopathy checklist revised
-r hare 1985
-diagnostic tool used to rate a persons psychopathic/antisocial tendencies
-20 item that compares subj degree of psychopathy with that of a prototypical psychopath
-semi struct interview and review of subj file records and history
factors
-1 intepersonal (superficial charm, gradiose sense of selff worth, pathological lying and manipulative) and affective traits (lack of remorse/guilt, emo shallow, lack of empathy/callous, failure to accept responsibility for actions)
-2 beh indicators of soci deviance
(lifestyle: irrespobsibility, impulsivity, parasitic lifetyle, lack of realistic, long term goals, need of stimulation, prone to boredom) (antisocial: poor beh control and early beh prob, juvenile delinquency and revocation of conditional release)
-good: cost effective, easy to administer, measure emo that cannot be observed and can detect faking
-bad: psychos lie, may not have sufficent insight, do not experience certain emo
the psycho
-can appear normal/charming
-often lack conscience
-traits of emo detachm
-ability to potential manipulate authorities and deny charges
(ie ted bundy, raped and kidnapped 30+ women and feigned injury/disbility and impersoanted authroity figures
-cool, keen and intelligent…no interpersonal empathy remorse or pity (indifferent/brutal)
-often revisitied victims, groomed and had sex with corpses
characteristics of a psycho
lang
-best ways to gain insight into their thoughts and general outlood
-no dif in voice emphasis betw neutral and emo words, fewer references to soci needs (friends and fam), mostly past tense verbs (emo detachment)
interpersonal
-manipulative, pathological liars, grandiose sense of self worth, superficial charm
affective
-lack remorse/guilt, shallow affect/lack of empathy and failure to accept responsibility
lifestyle
-seek stimulation, impulsive, irresponsible, parasitic orrientation, lack of realistic goals
antisocial
-criminal vesaltility, juevenile delinquincy, early beh prob and poor beh control
ASPD
Antiosocial personality disorder
-mainly based on beh, adds interpersonal component to psychopathy def
-almost every psycho qualify for it, though only some with ASPD were considered psychop
-dsm-v: assigned to induvid who violate rights of others without remorse
-4 diagnostic criterion/symptoms (diregard for + violation of others since age 15 (7 sub features on page), at least 18, conduct diorder in history before 15 and antisocia beh doesnt occur in schizo/bipoloar context
Antisocial
to be against society, against rules, normals, laws and acceptable beh (user loner and socially isolated)
subtypes
primary
-commits antisocial aacts, irresponsible, lacks empathy, superficially charming because of some inherent deficit
-true primary psycho (absence of anxiety, less risky decision style)
Secondary
-soci disadvantaged, low intelligence, neurotic anixety (or other pathology), sometimes refered to sociopathy (commit violence and antiosci beh repeatedly without consciousness) more associated with criminal beh
-anxious (crimes based on impulsivity due to anxiety)
-more risky decision style
-more disorganized
violence
-make up small portion of pop but account for large portion of all crime
-start criminal careers younger, persists longer and commit greater variety of crime (engage in more violent crime), more likely to reoffend
instrumental
-violence with a clearly defined goal/plan
reactive
-perpetrated out of emo
psycho violence likely to be:
-predatory, calculated, vindictive/opportunistic, instrumental, not reactive in nature and stranger victims
sexual violence
-weakly associated (related to violent offenses ovr sexual)
-sexual homicide offenders score higher on psychop
-second most psychop offenders are mixed sexual offenders (adults and children) (molesters have lowest scores, non psych rapists report anxiety)
learning and cog ability
-have inability to learn from punishm/declining einforcement (no matter what is used ie electrical shocks, loud noises, financial incentives)
Passive avoidance learning
-inability to learn from beh that punish
causes
-dont exhibit global neuro psych deficits
-dif in low med high psych shows (suggests that dif may be functional than structural)
-SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography test to study bloodflow in brains of psych, emo and neutral words to see how they react, cerebral cortexes are less active and activation is confined to occipital cortext
-amygdala believed to play a role (some manner of deformation for those with ASPD and psychop reactions (psychop and ASPD) seem to be due to brain dif (not typical response to fear, may seem calmer) (norm ppl respire, heart rate incr, etc when viewing violence)
treatment
-no cure
-half dont believe in therapy/med while others believe theres effective techniques
decompression model
-empirical ways and reinforcement can be used to shape beh
-rewards for every pos social beh demonstrated
