L1: Intro to nutrition Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are examples of macronutrients?
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates
What are examples of micronutrients?
Vitamins
Minerals
Which 3 things is energy expenditure dependent on?
Basic metabolic rate Amount and intensity of physical activity Energy intake (energy expenditure to maintain weight)
Which macronutrient is the main source of energy?
By how much?
Fat stores
80-90%
Which macronutrients can be stored?
Excess fats and carbohydrates can be stored
Proteins cannot be stored
An average adult requires how much protein per gram per kilogram per day?
0.75g/kg/day
What would be the nitrogen balance (proportion of nitrogen intake:excretion) in a healthy adult?
intake = exceretion
When would there be a positive nitrogen balance?
Growth
Pregnancy
When would there be a negative nitrogen balance?
Fasting
Illness
What are the 9 essential amino acids that cannot be synthesised and must be obtainedfrom diet?
Methionine Valine Histidine Leucine Phenylalanine Tryptophan Isoleucine Lysine Threonine (Many Very Happy Little Frogs Try Iced Lemon Tea)
Which 3 amino acids are lacking in plant proteins?
Tryptophan
Methionine
Cysteine
(Try Me Cys)
Which of the following types of fatty acids have more than one double bond? Saturated Mono-unstaurated Poly-unstaurated Trans (hydrogenated)
Poly-unstaurated
Which of the following types of fatty acids does not have a double bond? Saturated Mono-unstaurated Poly-unstaurated Trans (hydrogenated)
Saturated
Which of the following types of fatty acids are found in meat and dairy products? Saturated Mono-unstaurated Poly-unstaurated Trans (hydrogenated)
Saturated
Which of the following types of fatty acids are found in sunflower/corn oil? Saturated Mono-unstaurated Poly-unstaurated Trans (hydrogenated)
Poly-unstaurated
Which of the following types of fatty acids are found in cakes/biscuits/pastry? Saturated Mono-unstaurated Poly-unstaurated Trans (hydrogenated)
Trans (hydrogenated)
Which of the following types of carbohydrates is a dietary fibre? Polysaccharides Disaccharides Monosaccharides Non-starch polysaccharide
Non-starch polysaccharide
Which of the following types of carbohydrates is sucrose? Polysaccharides Disaccharides Monosaccharides Non-starch polysaccharide
Disaccharides
Which sugar is linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome?
Fructose
Majority of vitamins are converted into molecules which act as what coenzymes except?
Vitamins A, D, E
Which two elements are major electrolytes:
- within cells?
- in extracellular fluid
within cells = potassium
extracellular fluid = sodium
People with scurvy are deficient of which vitamin?
Vitamin C
Which age group are more at risk of scurvy?
Elderly
Vitamin D deficiency can result in what condition in aduts?
Osteomalacia
