L1 Human nervous system Flashcards
Individuals with one or two copies of the short allele of the 5-HTT promoter exhibited more depressive symptoms or less depressive symptoms?
More depressive disorder
Sympathetic nervous system stimulates what organs while inhibits what other organs?
stimulates heart
inhibits stomach and intestines
What are the two part of vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)?
Sensory part and motor part
The sensory part of vagus nerve provides sensation to what parts of our body ?
(1) The outer part of the ear, throat, heart, and abdominal organs
(2) taste sensation
The motor part provides movement to what parts of our body?
throat and soft palate
Which organ in our body produces oxytocin and vasopressin?
Hypothalamus
After hypothalamus produces oxytocin and vasopressin, it then travels down to where and are released into the blood
Axons to the posterior pituitary
Give the description of tract or projection
A set of axons within the CNS
What does fibers project from A onto B means?
Axons extend from cell bodies in structure A to synapse onto B
What are the three-dimensional plane of cut of the brain?
Horizontal, Sagittal, and Coronal
What is the rounded raised part on the surface of the brain called?
Gyrus
What is the fold or groove that separates one gyrus from another called?
Sulcus
What is a long, deep sulcus called?
Fissure
Brodmann areas is divided based on what?
Cytoarchitectural organization (a standardized pattern of layers) superimposed on gyral and sulcal anatomy
*: Not dived based on function! It is just in many cases these areas also differ in function
Which area of the Brodmann area is corresponds to primary motor cortex?
Area 4
Which area of the Brodmann area is corresponds to primary visual cortex?
Area 7
What (is the sulcus called that) divides Frontal lobe and Parietal lobe?
Central sulcus
What (is the fissure called that) divides Temporal lobe and Frontal lobe?
Lateral (Sylvian) fissure
Which subcortical structure controls voluntary movements, habitual behaviors, and emotions.
Basal Ganglia
The location of the basal ganglia—- underneath the cerebral cortex but on top of the brainstem—- reflects its role as what?
As intermediary between our higher thoughts, our sensations and our reflexes
Which subcortical structure works with your hippocampus to create long-term memories of specific and often emotional events (aka episodic memory)?
Amygdala
What are the two types of brain connectivity?
Structural connectivity and functional connectivity
Give the definition of structural connectivity
Anatomical connection of the white matter of the brain
Give the definition of functional connectivity
Patterns of statistical dependence between distinct regions
How can functional connectivity be assessed?
correlations across individual BOLD time points during resting condition (although they can be measured during tasks too)
What does BOLD stands for?
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent
Under what condition, the Default Mode Network (DMN) is measured?
not doing cognitive-demanding task, mostly related to our brain activity at rest
How can DMN be measured? Where the seed is planted?
posterior cingulate cortex
hippocampus
What kind of activity does DMN support?
self-referential tasks
Dorsal Attention Network (DAN) function?
externally attentional tasks
When do we use Executive Control Network (ECN)?
maintain & manipulates working memory
decision-making tasks & problem solving when pursuing a goal
When do we use Salience Network (SN)?
Identify biologically & cognitively relevant events to guide flexible behavior
