L1: Functional Groups Flashcards
How many organic compounds?
50 million
Families have..
Common structural features aka properties
Functional groups have
Specific structural features
Alkyl halides
Carbon, single bonded to electronegative electron
Primary is
Bonded to 1 R
Secondary
Carbon is bonded to 2 R groups
Tertiary
Carbon is bonded to 3 R groups
What is X in an Alkyl halide?
F, Cl, Br, I.
What is R in an Alkyl Halide?
Side chain
Naming alkanes
Prefix + ‘-ene’
Name of ethane
Ethane
Molecular formula of ethane
C2H6
Displayed formula for Ethane
H H
| |
H- C - C -H
| |
H H
Lewis structure for Ethane
H H
| |
H- C - C -H
| |
H H
Structural formula for Ethane
CH3CH3
Condensed formula for Ethane
CH3CH3
Skeletal formula for Ethane
/
(Yes this is right, it’s just one line)
Sec-
Attached to a C that holds another 2 C’s
Tert-
Attached to a C that holds another 3 C’s
Alkyl groups
Alkanes missing a hydrogen
One carbon
Methyl group
CH3-
Two carbons
Ethyl group
CH3-CH2-
3 carbons
Propyl group (n-propyl group)
CH3–CH2–CH2—
Isopropyl group
CH3
| CH3–CH—
4 carbons
Butyl group:
CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2—
Isobutyl group:
CH3
|
CH3–CH—CH2—
Sec-butyl group:
CH3
|
CH3–CH2–CH—
Tert-butyl group:
CH3
|
CH3–C—
|
CH3
