L1 Flashcards
A person who is under medical care or treatment.
Patient
A sick, injured, wounded, or other person requiring medical and/or dental care or treatment.
Patient
The services rendered by members of the health profession and non-professionals under their supervision for the patient’s benefit. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p269)
Patient Care
To provide safety for the patient and for those who work with patients in the radiology department.
patient care and management
Quality radiographic techniques must include patient-handling tasks that are necessary to prevent
injury, the spread of diseases, and other hazardous complications.
patient care and management
This delineates the rights of the patient as a consumer of healthcare
Patient’s Rights
Care of patients by a multidisciplinary team is usually organized under the leadership of a physician; each member of the team has specific responsibilities and the whole team contributes to the care of the patient.
PATIENT CARE TEAM
PATIENT IDENTIFICATION
• Wristband
• Patient’s chart
• Communication
Useful for repeated checking and review order to prevent automated multiplication of a computer error. Educate patients on the importance and relevance of correct patient identification.
PATIENT IDENTIFICATION
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PATIENT
- SERIOUSLY ILL AND TRAUMATIZED PATIENTS
- VISUALLY IMPAIRED PATIENTS
- SPEECH AND HEARING IMPAIRED PATIENTS
- NONENGLISHSPEAKING PATIENTS
5 . MENTALLY IMPAIRED PATIENTS - INPATIENT
- OUTPATIENT
These patients may act differently than other patients because of pain, stress, or anxiety.
SERIOUSLY ILL AND TRAUMATIZED PATIENTS
A blind patient has decreased vision without glasses, or an optically injured patient needs special
attention.
VISUALLY IMPAIRED PATIENTS
Patients who are deaf or have impaired hearing also require special attention. Those who can read permit the primary means of communication to be in writing. Do not insult the patient’s intelligence by attempting to simplify terminology.
SPEECH AND HEARING IMPAIRED PATIENTS
• Use pictures, synthetic body models, and demonstrations with actual equipment to get your message across.
• Use simulations to show what you are trying to communicate.
• Use audiotapes made in the language(s) of your patient.
• Requires a thorough knowledge of equipment and immobilization techniques as well as
interaction skills.
NONENGLISHSPEAKING PATIENTS
Requires a thorough knowledge of equipment and immobilization techniques as well as interaction
skills.
MENTALLY IMPAIRED PATIENTS
Someone who has been admitted to the hospital for diagnostic studies and treatment.
INPATIENT
Someone who has come to the hospital or outpatient center for diagnostic testing or treatment but does not occupy a bed overnight.
OUTPATIENT
is a constantly changing process made up of spoken and unspoken messages
that go from the sender to the receiver.
Communication
• Includes written or spoken words.
• An effective exchange of information, ideas, and feelings to achieve desirable
interpersonal relationships will be beneficial to the client’s growth toward healthy living (Nkeng, 2009).
PATIENT COMMUNICATION
Six Components of Communication
- Message
- Sender
- Channel
- Receiver
- Referent or Stimulus
- Feedback
the information that is sent by a sender.
Message
(source, encoder) the person who initiates the interpersonal communication or message.
Sender
( vehicle ) -means of conveying messages through visual, auditory, and tactile senses
Channel
(also called decoder) the person to whom the communication is sent.
Receiver
motivates a person to communicate with one another, it may be an object emotion, idea, or act.
Referent or stimulus
helps to reveal the meaning of the message received. It is necessary to obtain to be certain that the transmitted message has been correctly received.
Feedback
Becoming a Successful Communicator?
• All members of the healthcare team must learn to communicate, effectively, and therapeutically with their patients.
• Requires developing skills in listening, observing, speaking, and writing.
• Any problem of communication, whether major or minor has an impact on the patient’s
health care.
• Health care is centered on communication. Radiologic Technologists receive, interpret,
carry out, and give directions.
is the verbal and nonverbal exchange of information between two or more people that is satisfactorily received and acted upon by all parties.
Effective communication
Transmission of messages without the use of words.
Nonverbal Communication
• Communication includes actions, gestures, body movements, or facial expressions.
• Gestures impart meanings that are more powerful than words.
Nonverbal Communication
3 NON VERBAL BEHAVIORS
- Eye contact
- Touching
- Appearance
an expression of interest, concern, and honesty
Eye contact
firm and gentle, reassure the patient that you are both capable and caring
Touching
professional image, surroundings
Appearance
11 THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES
- Establishing Communication guidelines
- Reducing Distance
- Listening
- Using Silence
- Responding to Underlying Message
- Restating the Main Idea
- Reflecting on the MAIN IDEA
- Seeking and Providing Clarification
- Making Observations
- Exploring
- Validating
• Introducing oneself to the patient
• Explaining the examination or treatment to be performed.
• Explaining what is expected of the patient and what the patient can expect from the imaging staff.
• Delivery of instructions to the patient should be clear, concise, and non-threatening in manner.
Establishing Communication guidelines
• The physical distance between the RT and the patient should be reduced.
• The patient must be faced directly, and eye contact when speaking and being spoken to
• Crossing arms or legs during communication conveys a lack of receptiveness.
• Physical barriers or a noisy environment should be avoided.
• Performance of other tasks while speaking to the patient indicates disinterest in the
patient.
Reducing Distance
• ______ therapeutically is vital.
• Assume a non-judgmental attitude as one is listening to one’s patient.
• The goal is to gather accurate information and understand the feeling and meaning of the
message the patient is trying to convey.
Listening
• ______ gives the patient a chance to arrange his thoughts and consider what he wants to say.
• These periods will also allow the RT to assess the patient’s nonverbal communication as well as his or her own.
Using Silence
When a patient expresses a feeling of frustration, anger, joy, or relief, it is helpful if there is a response that lets him know that his or her feelings about the situation have been understood.
Responding to Underlying Message
•_______ expressed by your patient is a useful communication
technique.
• It validates the radiographer’s interpretation of the message and informs the patient that he
or she is being heard.
Restating the Main Idea
• ______ that he stated is another useful communication technique.
• It keeps the patient as the focus of the communication and allows the patient to explore his feelings about the matter. The RT in this instance helps the patient to make his own decision.
Reflecting on the MAIN IDEA
• It indicates to the patient that the RT is listening to what is being said but is not sure he has
fully understood the message.
• RT should simply state that he has not clearly heard the message.
Seeking and Providing Clarification
The radiographer must direct questions relating to the problems of the patient.
Exploring
________ the perceived feeling of another person.
Making Observations
When speaking to a patient, the radiographer may wish to verify what the patient has
reported.
Validating
To be certain that the transmitted message has been correctly received, it is necessary to obtain ________
FEEDBACK
• If the patient understands the message, he or she will respond in the manner anticipated. If the patient does not respond correctly, it is the radiographer’s responsibility to restate the message in a manner that is understood.
Feedback
Instruction to Patient:
• Detailed description of the preparation necessary for the procedure or examination.
• Description of the purpose and the mechanics of the procedure and what will be expected
of the patient.
• The approximate amount of time the procedure will take.
• An explanation of any unusual equipment that will be used during the examination.
• Follow-up care is necessary when the procedure or examination is complete.
PATIENT EDUCATION
Six Areas of Human Cultural Diversity:
- Communication
- Space
- Time
- Environmental Control
- Biological Variations
- Social Organization
the ability to convey and receive information
Communication
proximity to personal boundaries and comfort level (eye contact, distance, and touch
practices)
Space
indefinite, unlimited duration in which things are considered happening (e.g. past, present,
future)
Time
ability of people to control nature (differences in health practices and definitions of health and illness
Environmental Control
ethical or racially related differences in body structure and physical characteristics.
Biological Variations
patterns of behavior related to cultures learned through the process of enculturation
Social Organizations
As the profession of radiologic technology expands its scope of practice, the RT’s vulnerability for being held legally responsible when an injury occurs in the work area increases.
Legal Responsibilities
Litigation in which RT is implicated is occurring more frequently. Patient injury while receiving diagnostic imaging procedures involves the physician in charge of the patient, the radiographer assigned to the procedure, and other personnel and administrators who may be directly or indirectly involved in the case.
Legal Responsibilities
Patient falls in the diagnostic imaging department and errors in medication administration are two of the most common causes of litigation.
Legal Responsibilities
