L--Credibility

Question 1

Definition of credibility and internal validity

Answer 1

Credibility: “trustworthiness”, the extent to which the findings of the study reflect reality
Internal validity: whether the result is meeting its aim

Question 2

Methods to ensure credibility

Answer 2

TRE
- Triangulation
Combining different approaches to collecting and interpreting data
(Method, Data, Researcher, Theory)
- Reflexivity ( Epistemological, Personal)
- Establishing a rapport

ICT

• Iterative questioning
• Credibility checks
• Thick (rich descriptions)

Question 3

Triangulation

Answer 3

Method triangulation:
• Avoid individual limitations and reinforce their strengths

Data triangulation:
• Collect data from various accessible sources in order to gain a contextual understanding of the participants
• Make sure the researchers interpret data correctly

Researcher triangulation:
• Combining observations and interpretations of different researchers

Theory triangulation:
• Using multiple perspectives or theories to interpret the data

Question 4

Reflexivity

Answer 4

• Epistemological reflexivity: (method) knowledge of the strengths and limitations of the method used to collect the data, collection and interpretation of the data.
• Personal reflexivity: Personal beliefs and expectations of the researcher—influence the interpretation of data

Question 5

Establishing a rapport

Answer 5

• Make the participants feel comfortable to contribute
• Less motivation to give dishonest and unreliable information
• Ensure honesty

Question 6

Iterative questioning

Answer 6

• Asking the same question in more than one way to ensure that participants
won’t distort the data
• Avoid dishonest response

Question 7

Credibility checks

Answer 7

• Checking accuracy of data

* Participants are being asked to correct inaccuracies or provide clarifications

Question 8

“Thick/Rich descriptions”:

Answer 8

• Including the context, make the information meaningful

* Outline of the context in which the research has taken place