L:2 Flashcards
Counselling’s rests on an ethical foundation of multicultural ____ ____ ____ and ____
Awareness, knowledge, skills and action
Where do ethics come from?
Social systems (external)
Where do morals come from?
Individual (internal)
The rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of humans actions or a particular group or culture:
Ethics
Principles or habits with respect to right or wrong conduct:
Morals.
What does PIPEDA stand for?
The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act
It is the federal act. Governs the topic of data privacy.
What does PHIPA stand for? (Ontario)
The Personal Health and Information Protection Act. (any identifying info about an individual, whether oral or recorded)
Code of Ethics (11)
1) A social worker or social service worker shall maintain the best interest of the client as the primary professional obligation;
2) A social worker or social service worker shall respect the intrinsic worth of the persons she or he serves in her or his professional relationships with them;
3) A social worker or social service worker shall carry out her or his professional duties and obligations with integrity and objectivity;
4) A social worker or social service worker shall have and maintain competence in the provision of a social work or social service work service to the client;
5) A social worker or social service worker shall not exploit the relationship with a client for personal benefit, gain or gratification;
6) A social worker or social service worker shall protect the confidentiality of all professionally acquired information. He or she shall disclose such information only when required or allowed by law to do so, or when clients have consented to disclosure;
7) A social worker or social service worker who engages in another profession, occupation, affiliation or calling shall not allow these outside interests to affect the social work or social service work relationship with the client;
8) A social worker or social service worker shall not provide social work or social service work services in a manner that discredits the profession of social work or social service work or diminishes the public’s trust in either profession;
9) A social worker or social service worker shall advocate for workplace conditions and policies that are consistent with this Code of Ethics and the Standards of Practice of the Ontario College of Social Workers and Social Service Workers;
10) A social worker or a social service worker shall promote excellence in his or her respective profession;
11) A social worker or social service worker shall advocate change in the best interest of the client, and for the overall benefit of society, the environment and the global community.
Ethical Practice: 9
- Best interest of client - do no harm
- Protect confidentiality
- Respect client autonomy
- Understand dual/mutual relationship
- Seek supervision
- Role clarity
- Documentation
- Competence and area of expertise
- Evidence based practice
_____ ______ is the act of listening.
Attending behavior
A key route to becoming conscious of clients is ______ _____
Empathetic understanding
What is subtractive empathy?
- Minimizing/submissive
Gives back less or distorts what client has said
What is basic empathy?
- Roughly interchangeable with client words.
- Nothing else is offered
- has a lack of attention
Our attention is not focused on the person, therefore we are not attending as we need to be
What is additive Empathy?
- Basic empathy comes first then additive empathy
- Focuses on strengths and positives in the client, leading to a “can do” attitude
- Link to something the client has said earlier
What are the 4 key areas of Subjective empathy?
IIIE
- Identification - Identify with the client - Imagination - evoke mental images when listening to the client story - Intuition - occurs outside conscious awareness, rapidly generating empathetic responses - Embodiment - a response may be visceral or embodied by the counsellor (mirror neurons)
What is objective empathy?
- Involves a counsellors reference to scholarly material and reputable sources in the service of empathically understanding a client from an informed perspective
- Objective empathy can help to INFORM our understanding of their situation
What is interpersonal empathy?
- Central to social work practice and research
- Requires subjective and objective empathy
- Acknowledges the phenomenological experiencing (lived experience) of a client through verbal and non verbal communication
What are the 3 components of empathy for counsellors?
- AFFECTIVE SHARING between the self and other - based on perception and action coupling which leads to shared representations (mirror neurons)
- SELF-OTHER AWARENESS: even when there is temporary identification, there is no confusion between self and other
MENTAL FELXIBILITY (self-/emotion regulation) to adopt the perspective of other and regulatory process (emotional intelligence)
- SELF-OTHER AWARENESS: even when there is temporary identification, there is no confusion between self and other
What does “as if” refer to?
The stance on empathy we should have.
Self / other awareness
What are mirror neurons?
primary physiological mechanism of empathy
What is required for observation? (3)
Intention, attention & focus
_____% or more of communication is nonverbal
85
Verbal underlining?
is when volume or pitch changes for key words
Selective attention?-
clients tend to talk about whatever the interviewers are willing to hear.
• Clients tend to match their topics to interviewer’s liking
- So it’s important to use your client’s language
Verbal Tracking?
• Is staying with your client’s topic to encourage full elaboration of the narrative.
When not knowing how to follow up after a client story, relax, you don’t need to introduce a new topic. Ask the client a question or make a brief comment about something the client said. Build on the client’s topics
What is movement synchrony?
People who are communicating well “mirror” each other’s body language
What is Movement complementarity?
is paired movements that might not be identical but are still harmonious
