KNPE 335 - Midterm Flashcards
age trends and projections in canada
increasing number of people age 65 and older and decreasing number of people aged 0-14
What determines trends in senior populations in canada
- Fertility trends
- Migration
- Life expectancy
Why may seniors not inhabit NWT or Nunavut
not good access to resources that seniors need
life expectancy trends
individual life expectancy continues to increase across males and females
4 life span predictions
- decrease in infant mortality rate
- Advances in public health
- plateau of life expectancy
- adding “life to years” instead of “years to life”
Aging and quality of life
-living linger does not mean better
-decreased quality of life: decrease physical, cognitive, mental and social health & increase in common morbidities and comorbidities
what does the fact that people are living longer not better infer
we focus more attention to quantity of life rather than quality of life
gender trends in living longer
males showed more of a desire to live longer
4 things desire to live is associated with
- positive psychological wellbeing
- increase happiness, life satisfaction and purpose
- decrease risk of all cause mortality
- decrease mortality from cancer or suicide
(3 and 4 didnt look at quality of life as a mediator)
chronological age
number of years a person has lived
biological age
a description of individuals development based on biomedical markers that are determined by molecular or cellular events (can change aging progression)
Psychological age
a description of ones own experiences using nonphysical features such as experience, logic and emotion
Social psychological/subjective age
the personal subjective age of a person based on how old the individual feels and how they feel towards age
Social age
the social roles that an individual has placed on them by society that determines their age
Types of functional age
1st age: childhood
2nd age: working and parenting
3rd age: “young old” between 65-84 years
4th age: above 85 years
Functional Age
a combination of chronological, biological, and psychological age. Considered to be the wholistic picture of a persons described age
healthy aging includes a persons ability to:
-meet basic needs
-learn, grow and make decisions
-be mobile
-build and maintain relationships
-contribute to society
Rowe and Kahan 3 main points to successfully age
- Avoiding disease and disability
- High cognitive and physical function
- engagement with life
Fries (1980) compression of morbidity
how much illness has a burden on you is compressed to later in your life (QoL refers to how long you suffer for)
Strawbridge (2002)
in addition to the 3 main points, need to include the effect of chronic conditions and functional difficulties with successful aging
Riechstadt et al (2010)
qualitative interviews on successful aging in older adult perspectives: people who percieve aging as positive are more likely to successfully age
2 categories of aging theory
- Stochastic theories of aging
- programmed theories
stochastic theories of aging
-most prevalent is free radical theory
-metabolic rxns occurring continuously in the body produce unstable molecules called free radicals
-“anti-oxidant vitamins”
-age spots
-random change due to random rxns that create free radicals cause aging
FREE RADICALS -> CELL DAMAGE -> AGING
Non stochastic theories of aging (programmed)
-born with biological clock, programmed time you will die
-aging is predetermined through programmed cells and cell death