Knowledge Test water cycle Flashcards
What is evaporation?
Water being heated and turning into vapour
What is the cryosphere?
Where ice is stored in ice sheets, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice caps
What is a closed system?
When there are no inputs or outputs apart from energy
What is the lower part of the atmosphere?
Troposphere
What is the ITCZ?
Where warm air from the tropics meets at the Equator creating an area of low pressure
What is orographic?
The movement of water vapour over a mountain
What is an ice cap?
Thick layers of ice on the land that are smaller than 50,000 km2
What is accumulation?
When liquid water freezes into ice
What is latent heat?
The amount of heat that is given out or taken in from the surroundings
What is the word used to describe when the ice melts into water?
Ablation
What is water stress?
When the annual supply of water per person is less than 1,700m3
What is the term used to describe the side of the mountain that is dry?
Rain shadow
What is high pressure?
When the air is descending and warming therefore no condensation
What is the dew point?
The temperature at which water vapour turns into a liquid creating a cloud
What does prevailing wind mean?
The most common wind
What is positive feedback?
When the effects of an action are amplified by other knock-on effects
What is a system where the output from one system forms the input into another?
Cascading system
What is a system?
A model which helps to explain relationships within a unit
What is dynamic equilibrium?
There is a balance between inputs and outputs
What is the term to describe the parts of substances that make up the system?
Elements
Which of the following are processes?
Infiltration
Percolation
Groundwater
Throughflow
Infiltration
Percolation
Throughflow
What is the term used to describe when vegetation stops the precipitation from reaching the ground?
interception
What is the term used to explain water flowing down the branches and trunk of the tree?
stemflow
When the ground is full of water it is said to be what?
saturated
What is the top of the groundwater known as?
water table
What is the term used to describe water soaking into the underlying rock?
percolation
What is the term used to describe the amount of water flowing in the river?
Discharge
What is the term used to describe a river which reacts very quickly to a storm?
flashy
What is the term used to describe where warm and cold air meet?
front
What is the name of the cell closest to the Equator?
hadley cell
What will shorten lag time?
Impermeable soil
Urban areas
Deforestation
What is a drainage basin?
an area drained by a river and its tributaries
Where does a river start?
Source
What is around a diagram of a river?
Watershed
What is the point of the river where it branches off called?
confluence
Spearman’s Rank is used to test to see if there is a what?
correlation
relationship
How do you know if your answer is correct in Spearman’s Rank?
It needs to be between 1 and -1
In this formula for Spearman’s Rank what does ‘n’ stand for?
number of sets of data
In this formula for Spearman’s Rank what does ‘d’ stand for?
difference between the ranks
In order to accept the hypothesis, to what % must we be sure?
95%
Where is most of the world’s freshwater stored?
cryosphere
ice
