Knowledge Test water cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What is evaporation?

A

Water being heated and turning into vapour

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2
Q

What is the cryosphere?

A

Where ice is stored in ice sheets, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice caps

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3
Q

What is a closed system?

A

When there are no inputs or outputs apart from energy

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4
Q

What is the lower part of the atmosphere?

A

Troposphere

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5
Q

What is the ITCZ?

A

Where warm air from the tropics meets at the Equator creating an area of low pressure

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6
Q

What is orographic?

A

The movement of water vapour over a mountain

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7
Q

What is an ice cap?

A

Thick layers of ice on the land that are smaller than 50,000 km2

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8
Q

What is accumulation?

A

When liquid water freezes into ice

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9
Q

What is latent heat?

A

The amount of heat that is given out or taken in from the surroundings

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10
Q

What is the word used to describe when the ice melts into water?

A

Ablation

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11
Q

What is water stress?

A

When the annual supply of water per person is less than 1,700m3

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12
Q

What is the term used to describe the side of the mountain that is dry?

A

Rain shadow

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13
Q

What is high pressure?

A

When the air is descending and warming therefore no condensation

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14
Q

What is the dew point?

A

The temperature at which water vapour turns into a liquid creating a cloud

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15
Q

What does prevailing wind mean?

A

The most common wind

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16
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

When the effects of an action are amplified by other knock-on effects

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17
Q

What is a system where the output from one system forms the input into another?

A

Cascading system

18
Q

What is a system?

A

A model which helps to explain relationships within a unit

19
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium?

A

There is a balance between inputs and outputs

20
Q

What is the term to describe the parts of substances that make up the system?

21
Q

Which of the following are processes?

Infiltration

Percolation

Groundwater

Throughflow

A

Infiltration

Percolation

Throughflow

22
Q

What is the term used to describe when vegetation stops the precipitation from reaching the ground?

A

interception

23
Q

What is the term used to explain water flowing down the branches and trunk of the tree?

24
Q

When the ground is full of water it is said to be what?

25
What is the top of the groundwater known as?
water table
26
What is the term used to describe water soaking into the underlying rock?
percolation
27
What is the term used to describe the amount of water flowing in the river?
Discharge
28
What is the term used to describe a river which reacts very quickly to a storm?
flashy
29
What is the term used to describe where warm and cold air meet?
front
30
What is the name of the cell closest to the Equator?
hadley cell
31
What will shorten lag time?
Impermeable soil Urban areas Deforestation
32
What is a drainage basin?
an area drained by a river and its tributaries
33
Where does a river start?
Source
34
What is around a diagram of a river?
Watershed
35
What is the point of the river where it branches off called?
confluence
36
Spearman's Rank is used to test to see if there is a what?
correlation | relationship
37
How do you know if your answer is correct in Spearman's Rank?
It needs to be between 1 and -1
38
In this formula for Spearman's Rank what does 'n' stand for?
number of sets of data
39
In this formula for Spearman's Rank what does 'd' stand for?
difference between the ranks
40
In order to accept the hypothesis, to what % must we be sure?
95%
41
Where is most of the world's freshwater stored?
cryosphere | ice