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A-level Geography (west) > knowledge test Carbon > Flashcards

knowledge test Carbon Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a closed system?

A

When there are no inputs or outputs apart from energy

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2
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

When the effects of an action are amplified by other knock-on effects

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3
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium?

A

There is a balance between inputs and outputs

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4
Q

What % of carbon is stored in the Lithosphere?

A

99.985

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5
Q

What are the factors driving change in the magnitude of carbon stores in the Biosphere?

A

photosynthesis
respiration
combustion
decomposition

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6
Q

What are the factors driving changed in the magnitude of carbon stores in the hydrosphere?

A

diffusion
calcification
compaction
ventilation

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7
Q

When is the concentration of carbon lowest in the atmosphere in the northern hemisphere?

A

Summer

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8
Q

Which of the following are fluxes?

Diffusion
Plants
Ventilation
Phytoplankton
Photosynthesis
Combustion
A

Diffusion
Ventilation
Photosynthesis
Combustion

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9
Q

Which of the following are sinks?

Agriculture
Oceans
 Humans
Fires
Hydrocarbons
 Rainforest
A

Oceans
Hydrocarbons
Rainforest

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10
Q

What are the human factors affecting the carbon cycle?

···

A

Agriculture,
Hydrocarbons,
Deforestation,
Land use change

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11
Q

What is weathering?
···
/

A

the breakdown of rock in situ``

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12
Q

Which sphere absorbs the most amount of carbon?

A

Atmosphere

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13
Q

The greatest exchange of carbon is between which spheres:

A

Atmosphere and biosphere

Atmosphere and hydrosphere

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14
Q

How does the carbon cycle change over time due to natural variation?

A

Cold temperatures
Hot temperatures
Volcanic eruptions
Wildfires

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15
Q

What is responsible for between 2.4 - 5% of global emissions?

A

Cement production

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16
Q

What is the term used to describe when more CO2 leads to more photosynthesis and more plant growth?

A

carbon fertilisation

17
Q

What is the term when humans make the greenhouse effect worse?

A

enhanced green house effect

18
Q

What impact does the diffusion of CO2 into the ocean have?

A

acidification

19
Q

Is reduction in albedo and melting of ice an example of positive or negative feedback?

A

Positive

20
Q

Which 2 things are part of the slow carbon cycle?

A

Weathering

Compaction

21
Q

From smallest to largest carbon store which is correct?

A

Biosphere, Atmosphere, Cryosphere, Pedosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere

22
Q

Give an example of either positive or negative feedback on the land
···

A

Negative or positive feedback? - more CO2 leads to more plant growth, which leads to more CO2 being absorbed and therefore less CO2 in the atmosphere
Negative or positive feedback? - increase in temperatures, leads to increase in decomposition and therefore more CO2, which leads to higher temperatures

23
Q

Which type of radiation is incoming?

A

Shortwave

24
Q

The average temperature of the planet in degrees celsius is?

A

15

25
Q

Greenhouse gases released by humans are known as?

A

Anthropogenic

26
Q

What does RCP stand for?

···

A

representative concentration pathways

27
Q

What are the 4 impacts of the carbon cycle on the ocean?

A

ocean acidification,
sea level change,
albedo,
ocean salinity

28
Q

What is the word used to describe attempts to slow down the process of global climate change, usually by lowering the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

A

Mitigation

29
Q

What is one advantage and one disadvantage of Carbon Capture Storage?

A

Advantage - captures 90%, traps the CO2 and stops it entering the atmosphere
Disadvantage - very expensive, does not reduce our reliance on hydrocarbons

30
Q

What is average annual rainfall in the rainforest?

A

2000mm

31
Q

If you cut down the rainforest which of the following decreases?

Precipitation
 Transpiration
 Runoff
Infiltration
Interception
A

Precipitation
Transpiration
Infiltration
Interception

32
Q

What happens to the carbon cycle if the rainforest is cut down?

A

Photosynthesis ceases

Ash increases carbon content of soil

33
Q

What are the two factors which affect securing a sustainable water supply in the River Exe Catchment?

A

Wimbleball Reservoir
Peatland Restoration
Exmoor Mires Project

34
Q

Why is there a long lag time in the River Exe catchment?

A

70% of the land is grassland

A-level Geography (west) (18 decks)

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