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A-level Geography (west) > Carbon starter questions > Flashcards

Carbon starter questions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four main processes in the Biosphere?

A

Decomposition, combustion, photosynthesis, respiration

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2
Q

Write out one equation in the Biosphere.

A

Glucose+O2 = CO2 + H2O + energy

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3
Q

What is the name of the nutrient rich soil?

A

humus

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4
Q

What is the unit of measurement for CO2 in the atmosphere?

A

ppm

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5
Q

How much CO2 is in the atmosphere?

A

400+

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6
Q

Why is there concern about the cryosphere?

A

If it melts will release CO2, same amount as is in the atmosphere

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7
Q

What is the term to describe CO2 being released from the ocean?

A

ventilation

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8
Q

What is the term to describe CO2 being released and absorbed by the ocean?

A

diffusion

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9
Q

The dissolving of CO2 into the ocean is known as?

A

acidification

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10
Q

What does organic matter form in the hydrosphere?

A

hydrocarbons

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11
Q

How do phytoplankton transfer carbon?

A

photosynthesis

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12
Q

What does coral do with carbon?

A

Convert into carbonate

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13
Q

What happens to shells and coral?

A

compaction

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14
Q

What type of rocks form under the sea?

A

sedimentary

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15
Q

What is weathering?

A

Breakdown of rock in-situ

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16
Q

How else is carbon transferred from the lithosphere?

A

volcanoes

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17
Q

What is the % of carbon stored in the lithosphere?

A

99.985%

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18
Q

What is the % of carbon stored in the Hydrosphere?

A

0.0076%

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19
Q

What is the % of carbon stored in the Pedosphere?

A

0.0031%

20
Q

What is the % of carbon stored in the Cryosphere?

A

0.0018%

21
Q

What is the % of carbon stored in the Atmosphere?

A

0.0015%

22
Q

What is the % of carbon stored in the Biosphere?

A

0.0012%

23
Q

Name 3 fluxes in the carbon cycle

A 
Diffusion
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Compaction
Weathering
Combustion
24
Q

Name 3 stores in the carbon cycle - not spheres

A 
Plants
Phytoplankton
Coral/shells
Sea animals
Hydrocarbons
Sediment
Permafrost
25
Q

Name 3 inputs to the atmosphere

A

Diffusion
Combustion
Respiration
Decomposition

26
Q

Name 3 outputs from the hydrosphere

A

Respiration
Decomposition
Compaction
Diffusion

27
Q

Name 2 parts of the fast carbon cycle

A 
Diffusion
Photosynthesis
Combustion
Respiration
Decomposition
28
Q

Name 2 parts of the slow carbon cycle

A

Compaction

Weathering

29
Q

What is the difference between the fast and slow carbon cycle?

A

Millions of years, or years ,decades, centuries

30
Q

Give 4 human factors affecting the carbon cycle

A

Hydrocarbons, land use change, deforestation, agriculture

31
Q

Which is responsible for the most - give %?

A

Hydrocarbons 87%

32
Q

Why has there been a dramatic increase since the 1950s?

A

Motor car

33
Q

What is responsible for between 2.4-5% of global emissions?

A

cement

34
Q

What is responsible for between 20-30% of global emissions?

A

deforestation

35
Q

Why is this source a concern?

A

Turning from sink to source

36
Q

How does what we eat affect the carbon cycle?

A

Rice and livestock

37
Q

What other gas is released from this method?

A

methane

38
Q

Give 3 natural factors that affect stores of carbon

A

Warm temp
Cold term
Volcanoes
Wildfires

39
Q

Is the greenhouse effect a good thing?

A

Yes

40
Q

What is the global average temperature and what would it be without the greenhouse effect?

A

15, -17

41
Q

What is incoming radiation known as and outgoing radiation?

A

Incoming - Shortwave,(uv)

Outgoing - Long wave (IR)

42
Q

What does the sun heat?

A

The ground

43
Q

What happens to the outgoing radiation?

A

Some gets trapped and the rest escapes

44
Q

What is the enhanced greenhouse effect?

A

Impact of anthropogenic

45
Q

What is the balance between incoming and outgoing radiation known as?

A

Radiative forcing

A-level Geography (west) (18 decks)

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