Know Your Pathogen Flashcards
the presence of porins in the cell wall indicates a gram +ve or -ve?
gram -ve
how can you determine whether an organism is intra or extracellular from a slide if cell membranes cant be seen?
intracellular bacteria cluster around nucleus
a gram -ve cocci inside the cell is likely to be what?
gonorrhoea
which broad antibiotic class is used to treat strep infections?
penicillin
spirochete vs spiral shaped bacteria?
have different positioning of flagellum
name 3 spirochete bacteria
borrelia (lyme disease)
syphilis (treponema)
leptospira
describe alpha haemolysis?
partial haemolysis
turns agar green
describe beta haemolysis
complete haemolysis
turns agar clear/yellow
duke vs duke’s criteria?
duke = endocarditis dukes = staging of colon cancer
e. coli is a common cause of endocarditis, true or false?
false
found in gut, biliary tract and urine so rarely causes endocarditis
what 3 bacteria are likely to occur in the gut/biliary tract?
coliforms
enterococci
anaerobes
what is the best empirical treatment for gut/biliary tract infection?
amoxicillin, metronidazole, gentamicin
what does each cover in amox, met and gent?
amoxicillin = gram +ves metronidazole = anaerobes gentamicin = gram -ves
what is step down therapy after amox, met and gent in gut/biliary infection?
oral co-trimoxazole and metronidazole
gram +ve cocci in chains showing gamma haemolysis?
enterococcus
what bacteria is likely to cause an acute infection in a diabetic foot ulcer?
staph aureus
what bacteria are likely to cause a chronic/acute on chronic infection in a diabetic foot ulcer?
coliforms
anaerobes
staph aureus
how is bacillus cereus infection managed?
no antibiotics, self limiting
what antibiotic is given as prophylaxis after joint replacement?
co-amoxiclav
what are the 4 main causes of bloody diarrhoea?
e. coli 0157
campylobacter
shigella
salmonella
what complication is associated with giving antibiotics in E. Coli 0157?
haemolytic uraemic syndrome
