Know For Tomorrow Flashcards
What are glucocorticoids and what do they do?
Catabolic hormones, promote gluconeogenesis on the liver during times of stress
Act on bone immune muscle and fat tissue to break down proteins and lipids
What is the dual role of the adrenal glands?
The medula secretes epinephrine which stimulates glycogenlysis
Once glycogen has been depleted, cortisol a glucocorticoid secreted from the Cortex, stimulates Liver to make glucose from amino acids and glycerol
What are the adrenal Cortez hormones and where are they secreted?
They are all corticosteroids:
Mineralocorticoids–aldosterone–zones glomerulosa
Glucocorticoids-cortisol and corticosterone-zone fasciculata
Sex steroid–androgens–zones reticularis
Medulla :
Catechilamines–Epi and NE
How does parathryoid hormone affect blood [Ca]
Parathyroid gland regulates Ca conc in blood by stimulating efflux of Ca from bone, or by absorption of Ca in kidney and small intestine
Why is it important that Ca is tightly regulated?
Plays an important role in neuronal transmission, heart function, muscle contraction, and other things
What does an osteoclast do?
Digests the mineralized bone protein by secreting collagenase and acid phopshatase; allows for bone resorption and is ctrical in the bone repair, modelling, and maintainace. can also regulate calcium levels
How does PTH affect bones?
stimulates osteoclasts indirectly; • PTH binds to osteoblasts and inhibits calcium deposition in the bones
• As bone is degraded, both Ca2+ and PO4 are released
Effect of PTH on the kidneys
-stimulate production of activated vit d which increases absorption of Ca in small intestines; also enhance resorption of Ca in thick ascending limb of the kidney and reduces absorption of phosphate from the proximal tubule of the kdiney
Calcitonin
produced in the parafollicular cells of thyroid gland; skeleton preserving hormone; protects against Ca2+ loss from skeleton during periods of Ca2+ mobilization, such as pregnancy and lactation
