knee tests Flashcards
perform valgus stress
extend knee, push lateral to medial; knee flexed, push lateral to medial
valgus stress positive
pain
valgus stress meaning
MCL
perform varus stress
knee extended, push medial to lateral; flex knee, push medial to lateral
varus stress positive
pain
varus stress meaning
LCL
perform apley’s compression/distraction
flex leg with toes in, push down, repeat with toes out; same thing but pull up
apley’s compression/distraction positive
pain
apley’s compression/distraction meaning
toes in: lateral meniscus
toes out: medial meniscus
perform patellar ballottement
push on patella
patellar ballottement positive
floating sensation
patella ballottement meaning
large amount of knee swelling
perform bounce holme
flex leg, hold ankle, slowly extend leg
bounce Holme positive
knee does not extend
bounce holme meaning
torn meniscus
perform Clarke’s (patella grinding)
push PA with webbing, then SI; pt contracts quads
Clarke’s positive
pain
Clarke’s meaning
chondromalacia patellae
perform mcmurray
flex leg, toes in, slowly extend with valgus pressure; repeat with toes out and varus pressure
mcmurray positive
painful click
mcmurray meaning
meniscus
perform lateral pivot shift
slightly flex leg, toes in, apply valgus pressure while flexing leg
lateral pivot shift positive
feels like it wants to give
lateral pivot shift meaning
ACL injury
perform lachman
foot bent on table, stabilize anterior thigh while PA pressure on calf
lachman positive
infrapatellar slope disappears
lachman meaning
ACL
perform drawer
flex knee to 90 on table, sit on foot, pull PA and push AP on joint line
drawer positive
movement difference
drawer meaning
PA: ACL
AP: PCL
perform q-angle
measure ASIS to patella midpoint to medial malleolus
q-angle meaning
<13: patella alta
>18: patellofemoral dysfunction
