Knee Practical

Question 1

Hip Flexion normal ranges and substitutions

Answer 1

120 - soft or firm end feel
posterior pelvic tilt, lumbar flexion

Question 2

Hip extension normal ranges and substitutions

Answer 2

30 - firm end feel
anterior pelvic tilt, lumbar extension

Question 3

Hip abduction normal ranges and substitutions

Answer 3

45 - firm end feel
external hip rotation, hip flexion, hip hiking (ispilateral)

Question 4

Hip adduction normal ranges and substitutions

Answer 4

30 - soft or firm end feel
internal hip rotation, hip hiking (contralateral)

Question 5

Hip internal/external rotation normal ranges and substitutions

Answer 5

External: 45 - firm end feel
Internal: 45 - firm end feel
lateral tilting of pelvis

Question 6

Knee flexion/extension normal ranges and substiutions

Answer 6

flexion: 135 - firm or soft end feel
extension: 0-10 firm end feel
no substitutions

Question 7

Tibial rotation normal ranges and substiutions

Answer 7

40-60 - firm end feels
hip internal/external rotation, ankle pronation/supination

Question 8

Iliopsoas action, accessory muscles, substiutions and gravity elminated

Answer 8

Action: hip flexion
Accessory muscles: rectus femoris, sartorius, TFL, pectineus
Subs: abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation
Gravity eliminated: side lying

Question 9

Sartorius action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 9

Action: hip flexion, external rotation, abduction, knee flexion
Accessory muscles: iliopsoas, rectus femoris, TFL
Subs: none
gravity eliminated: none

Question 10

Gluteus maximus and hamstrings action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 10

Action: hip extension
Accessory muscles: adductor magnus, piriformis, gluteus medius
Subs: lumbar extension
Gravity eliminated: side lying

Question 11

Gluteus medius and minimus action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 11

Action: hip abduction
Accessory muscles: TFL, gluteus maximus
Subs: hip flexion, pelvic elevation, internal rotation
Gravity eliminated: supine

Question 12

Tensor fascia latae action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 12

Action: hip abduction and flexion
Accessory muscles: Gluteus medius and minimus
Subs: pelvic elevation, hip flexion, hip abduction
Gravity eliminated: supine

Question 13

Adductor longus, brevis, magnus, pectineus, gracilis action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 13

Action: hip adduction
Accessory muscles: none
Subs: rolling out of side lying to use flexors/extensors
Gravity eliminated: supine

Question 14

Gluteus medius and minimus and TFL action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity elminated

Answer 14

Action: hip internal rotation
Accessory muscles: adductor longus
Subs: pelvic elevation, contralateral trunk flexion, hip adduction
Gravity eliminated: supine with hip and knee flexed to 90

Question 15

Piriformis, obturator internus/externus, gemellus superior/inferior, quadratus femoris action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 15

Action: hip external rotation
Accessory muscles: gluteus maximus
Subs: hip flexion/abduction, ipsilateral trunk flexion
Gravity eliminated: supine with hip and knee flexed to 90

Question 16

Rectus femoris action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 16

Action: hip flexion and knee extension
Accessory muscles: ilioposas, pectineus, TFL
Subs: thigh rotation and abduction/adduction
Gravity eliminated: side lying

Question 17

Biceps femoris, semiteninosis, semimembranosus action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 17

Action: knee flexion
Accessory muscles: gastrocnemius, popliteus, gracilis, sartorius
Subs: hip flexion and external rotation, hip adduction
Gravity eliminated: side lying - test leg up

Question 18

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius action, accessory muscles, substitutions, gravity eliminated

Answer 18

Action: knee extension
Accessory muscles: none
Subs: hip internal rotation
Gravity eliminated: side lying - test leg up