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functional anatomy > Elbow/Forarm/Wrist/Hand > Flashcards

Elbow/Forarm/Wrist/Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Normal Range Elbow Flexion/Extension

A

Flexion- 150 (normal end feel soft)
Extension- 0-15 (normal end feel hard/firm)

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2
Q

Normal Range Forearm Pronation/Supination

A

Supination- 80-90 (normal end feel firm)
Pronation- 80-90 (normal end feel firm/hard)

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3
Q

Normal Range Wrist Flexion/Extension

A

Flexion- 80 (normal end feel firm)
Extension- 70 (normal end feel hard)

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3
Q

Normal Range Finger MCP Flexion/Extension

A

Flexion- 90 (normal end feel firm)
Extension- 45 (normal end feel firm)
ROM increases with lesser digits

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3
Q

Normal Range Wrist Ulnar/Radial Deviation

A

Radial- 20 (normal end feel firm/hard)
Ulnar- 30 (normal end feel firm)

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3
Q

Normal Range Finger IP Flexion/Extension

A

PIP Flexion- 100 (soft/firm/hard)
DIP Flexion- 90 (firm)
Extension- 0 (firm)

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4
Q

Normal Range Finger MCP Adduction/Abduction

A

None - usually firm/soft end feel

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4
Q

Normal Range Thumb CMC Flexion/Extension

A

Flexion- 15 (soft)
Extension- 30 (firm)

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4
Q

Normal Range Thumb CMC Abduction

A

70 (firm)

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5
Q

Normal Range Thumb Opposition

A

none - soft end feel

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6
Q

Substitutions Elbow Flexion/Extension

A

Flexion: Trunk extension, shoulder flexion, scapular depression, wrist flexion
Extension: Trunk flexion, shoulder extension, scapular elevation, wrist extension

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7
Q

Substitutions Forearm Pronation/Supination

A

Shoulder abduction/adduction, internal/external shoulder rotation

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8
Q

Substitutions for Wrist Flexion/Extension

A

Radial/Ulnar deviation
Make sure fingers relaxed

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9
Q

Substitutions for Wrist Radial/Ulnar Deviation

A

Wrist flexion/extension, Abduction/adduction of MCP’s

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10
Q

Substitutions for Finger MCP Flexion/Extension

A

none- IP joint relaxed

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11
Q

Substitutions for Finger MCP abduction/adduction

A

none - flex other fingers out of way to allow full ROM

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12
Q

Substitutions for Finger IP Flexion/Extension

A

none

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13
Q

Substitutions for Thumb CMC Flexion/Extension

A

none - measure 0 as relaxed, adducted position

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14
Q

Substitutions for Thumb CMC Abduction

A

none - measure 0 as relaxed, adduction postion

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15
Q

Substitutions for Thumb Opposition

A

none

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16
Q

Biceps Brachii Muscles and action

A

P: Biceps brachii
A: Brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres, ECRL, ECRB
Action: elbow flexion in supination

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17
Q

Biceps Brachii Substitutions

A

none

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18
Q

Brachialis Muscles and action

A

P: brachialis
A: biceps brachii, brachioradialis, pronator teresm ECRL, ECRB
Action: elbow flexion

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19
Q

Brachialis Substitutions

A

none

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20
Q

Brachioradialis Muscles and action

A

P: brachioradialis
A: biceps brachii, brachhialis, pronator teres, ECRL, ECRB
Action: elbow flexion with neutral forearm

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21
Q

Brachioradialis Substitutions

A

none

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22
Q

Triceps Brachii Muscles and action

A

P: Triceps brachii
A: Anconeus
Action: elbow extension

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23
Q

Triceps brachii substitutions

A

none - can be tested prone

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24
Q

Supinator and Biceps Brachii Muscles and action

A

P: supinator and biceps brachii
A: none
Action: supination

25
Q

Supinator and biceps brachii substitutions

A

shoulder external rotation, shoulder adduction, ipsilateral trunk flexion

26
Q

Pronator Teres and Pronator Quadratus Muscles and action

A

P: Pronator teres and pronator quadratus
A: None
Action: pronation

27
Q

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus substitutions

A

shoulder abduction, shoulder internal rotation, contralateral trunk flexion

28
Q

Flexor carpi radialis Muscles and action

A

P: Flexor Carpi Radialis
A: FCU, palmaris longus
Action: wrist flexion and radial deviation

29
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis Substitutions

A

straight wrist flexion (FCU compensating), finger flexion

30
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis Muscles and action

A

P: Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis
A: ECU
Action: wrist extension and radial deviation

31
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis Substitutions

A

Straight wrist flexion (ECU compensating), finger extension

32
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Muscles and action

A

P: extensor carpi ulnaris
A: ECRL, ECRB
Action: wrist extension and ulnar deviation

33
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Substitutions

A

Straight wrist extension (ECRL, ECRB compensating), finger extension

34
Q

Extensor Digitorum (and EI, EDM) Muscles and action

A

P: extensor digitorum and EI, EDM
A: Extensor Digiti minimi, Extensor indicus
Action: MCP extension

35
Q

Extensor Digitorum (and EI, EDM) substitutions

A

none - maintain wrist stabilization

36
Q

Dorsal interossei (and AbDM) Muscles and action

A

P: dorsal interossei and AbDM
A: none
Action: MCP abduction

37
Q

Dorsal Interossei (and AbDM) substitutions

A

none - maintain MCP joints neutral - gravity eliminated

38
Q

Palmar Interossei muscles and action

A

P: palmar interossei
A: none
Action: MCP adduction

39
Q

Palmar interossei substitutions

A

none - maintain CMP joints neutral - gravity elminated position

40
Q

Lumbericals Muscles and action

A

P: Lumbericals
A: Palmar and dorsal interossei, flexor digiti minimi
Action: MCP flexion and IP extension

41
Q

Lumbericals substitutions

A

none - gravity elminated

42
Q

Flexor digiti minimi Muscles and action

A

P: flexor digiti minimi
A: 4th lumborical, 4th palmar inerosseus, AbDM
Action: 5th MCP flexion

43
Q

Flexor digiti minimi substitutions

A

Use of FDS/FDP, watch for flexion of other fingers

44
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis muscles and action

A

P: flexor digitorum superficialis
A: FDP
Action: PIP flexion

45
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis substitutions

A

test each finger individually to avoid contributions from FDP

46
Q

Flexor Digitorum profundus muscles and action

A

P: flexor digitorum profundus
A: none
Action: DIP flexion

47
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus substitutions

A

none

48
Q

Flexor pollicis longus muscles and action

A

P: flexor pollicis longus
A: none
Action: Thumb IP extension

49
Q

Flexor pollicis longus substitutions

A

none

50
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis muscles and action

A

P: flexor pollicis brevis
A: FPL
Action: Thumb MCP flexion

51
Q

Extensor Pollicis longus muscles and action

A

P: extensor pollicis longus
A: EPL
Action: Thumb IP extension

52
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus substitutions

A

none

53
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis Muscles and action

A

P: extensor Pollicis brevis
A: EPL
Action: thumb MCP extension

54
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis Substitutions

A

Watch for extension of IP joint (EPL contributions)

55
Q

Adductor Pollicis Longus Muscles and action

A

P: adductor pollicis longus
A: none
Action: Thumb radial abduction

56
Q

Adductor pollicis longus substitutions

A

palmar abduction from AbPB

57
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis Muscles and action

A

P: Abductor Pollicis brevis
A: none
Action: Thumb palmar abduction

58
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis Substitutions

A

radial abduction from AbPL

59
Q

Adductor Pollicis Muscles and action

A

P: adductor pollicis
A: FPB
Action: Thumb adduction

60
Q

Adductor Pollicis substitutions

A

Flexion of thumb

61
Q

Opponens Pollicis and Opponens digiti minimi Muscles and action

A

P: Opponens Pollicis, opponens digiti minimi
A: AbPH, AdP, FBP
Action: 1st/5th finger opposition

62
Q

Opponens Pollicis and Opponens digiti minimi substitutions

A

Flexion of thumb IP/MCP joints

63
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis substitutions

A

Watch for flexion of IP joint (FPL contributions)

64
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscles and action

A

P: flexor carpi ulnaris
A: FCR, palmaris longus
action: wrist flexion and ulnar deviation

65
Q

Flexor Carpi ulnaris substitutions

A

watch for straight wrist flexion (FCR compensating), finger flexion

functional anatomy (5 decks)

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