Knee Ligament Injuries Flashcards
What type of injury may cause a miniscal injury?
Twisting
What pattern of swelling is seen in meniscal injury?
Slow swelling
What may be heard on meniscal tear?
A “painful squelch”
What occurs after a meniscal tear?
Painful to weight bear
Inability to fully extend knee
What are the symptoms of a meniscal tear?
Locking knee
Knee that gives way
What test can be used for diagnosis in meniscal tear?
McMurray’s test
MRI
What is McMurray’s test?
Medial meniscus :
Valgus stress and extension with external rotation will cause pain
Lateral meniscus :
Varus stress and extension with external rotation will cause pain
What 3 structures are the unhappy triad?
Medial collateral
Medial meniscus
ACL
What is the unhappy triad?
3 structures that usually tear all at once
What is the motion of injury of an ACL tear?
High impact twisting force with unlocked knee
What may be heard in ACL?
Popping noise
Can ACL injuries weight bear?
Yes
What is the swelling pattern in ACL and why?
Fast (haemarthrosis)
What is the spread of pain on collateral ligament tears?
Lateral pain
What may be heard when a collateral ligament goes?
Crack
What is the mechanism of injury of a PCL tear?
Hyperextension
- Usually high impact trauma
What may be seen o/e in PCL injury?
Posterior sag
What are the risk factors of a tibial plateau fracture?
Elderly
Why does the tibial plateau break before the ligaments go?
Due to weakness - normally osteoporotic bone
What type of injury may cause a tibial plateau fracture?
Valgus/varus severe stress
What type of tibial plateau fracture would a valgus stress cause?
Lateral plateau
What type of tibial plateau fracture would a varus stress cause?
Medial plateau
What classification system ca be used for tibial plateau fractures?
Schatzcher system
What is clergymans knee?
Infrapatellar bursitis
What causes house maids knee?
High kneeling
What is house maids knee?
Prepatellar bursitis
What imaging test is diagnostic in knee injury?
MRI
What can USS be used for in knee injury?
Effusions
What can x ray be used for in knee injury?
Suspected fracture
What else MUST be assessed in a knee injury?
The HIP
Why must the hip be examined?
Because if the pathology is in the hip —> altered gait —> sore knee
What are the non surgical treatments for knee injury?
Physio
RICE
NSAIDs
What are the surgical treatments for meniscal tear?
Partial menisectomy
Meniscal transplant
What are the indications for knee surgery?
Failure of conservative management
Decreased quality of life
Young fit athletic
