Knee Joint

Question 1

Why is the white zone of the menisci white?

Answer 1

It’s avascular

Question 2

Which movements does the ACL resist?

Answer 2

Femur posterior in relation to the tibia

Tibia anterior in relation to the femur

Question 3

When is the patella more likely to be pulled laterally?

Answer 3

When the vastus medialis is weak

Question 4

Which bones articulate in the knee joint?

Answer 4

Femur-Patella

Femur-Tibia

Question 5

What does the medial colateral ligament blend with?

Answer 5

Capsule

Medical meniscus

Question 6

Which structures constitute the pes anserinus?

Answer 6

Sartorius

Gracilis

Bursa

Semi-Tendinosus

(Say grace before tea)

Question 7

What is the name of the muscle required for initiation of unlocking?

Answer 7

Popliteus

Question 8

Are the ligaments tight in extension or flexion?

Answer 8

Extension

Question 9

Is the patella inside or outside the knee joint?

Answer 9

Inside

Question 10

What is Baker’s Cyst?

Answer 10

Inflammation of the bursa deep to the popliteus muscle

Question 11

What is the origin and insertion the ACL?

Answer 11

Anterio-medial aspect of tibia to the posterio-lateral aspect of the femur

Question 12

What are the three support structures at the knee joint?

Answer 12

The collateral ligaments

The cruxiate ligaments

The menisci

Question 13

Which ligament is at risk in a bumper bar impact (where the tibia is impacted on)

Answer 13

PCL

Question 14

What is the function of the menisci?

Answer 14

Shock absorption

Weight distribution

Question 15

Which tendons reinforce the capsule medially?

Answer 15

The pes anserinus

Question 16

Which movement does the PCL resist?

Answer 16

Tibia posterior in relation to the femur

Femur anterior in relation to the tibia

Question 17

In what position can rotation occur?

Answer 17

Flexion

Question 18

What is contained in the intercondylar notch?

Answer 18

The ACL

Question 19

Why isn’t the lateral collateral ligament damaged as much?

Answer 19

It’s separated from the meniscus by the popliteus muscle

Question 20

What is the origin and insertion of the PCL?

Answer 20

Posterio-lateral aspect of tibia to the anterio-medial aspect of femur

Question 21

How does the articular surfaces of the femur and tibia differ?

Answer 21

The femur has a rounded condyle while the tibia has a flat plateau

Question 22

Whhen is the ACL at particular risk?

Answer 22

When a laterally rotating force is apply against the passive locking medial rotation of the femur

Question 23

Which condyle of the femur is longer?

Answer 23

The medial one

Question 24

Around what axis does the femur lock and unlock?

Answer 24

ACL

Question 25

What is the unhappy triad?

Answer 25

Medial collateral ligament

Medical meniscus

ACL

Question 26

What is useful about the suprapatella bursa?

Answer 26

Expansion of it is a clinical sign of effusion of synovial fluid

Infectious material can enter the joint through it

Question 27

What is the direction of pull of the popliteus?

Answer 27

Pulls the femur from tibia

Question 28

Which movements does the medial collateral ligament resist?

Answer 28

Abduction and lateral rotation of the tibia

Anterior displacement of tibia

Question 29

Are the menisci and cruciate ligament intrasynovial and intracapsular?

Answer 29

No, only intracapsular

Question 30

Which menisci is more commonly injuried?

Answer 30

Medial

Question 31

What knee position is valgus?

Answer 31

Force on the lateral side of the knee and feet outwards

Knocked knees

Question 32

What knee position is varus?

Answer 32

Force on the knee medially

Feet are inwards

Bow legged