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Musculo-Skeletal > Hip Joint > Flashcards

Hip Joint Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones make up the “hip bone”?

A

The pubis

Ileum

Ischium

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2
Q

What is the lunate surface of the acetabulum?

A

A crescent shaped area of the joint around 2/3 of the perimeter of the joint

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3
Q

What is the name of the notch that complete of the perimeter of the acetabulum?

A

Acetabular notch

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4
Q

What is covers the acetabular notch?

A

Ligament

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5
Q

T/F The acetabular fossa isn’t an articular surface

A

True

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6
Q

T/F the fat-pad of the acetabular joint is intra-synovial

A

False, it’s only intra-articular

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7
Q

Which aspect of the femur is the greater trochanter located?

A

Lateral

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8
Q

What type of epiphyses are present at the greater and lesser trochanters?

A

Traction trochanters - grow is stimulated by pulling of the muscles

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9
Q

What is the fovea for?

A

Attachment of the ligament

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10
Q

What is present in the neck of the femur?

A

Small holes for the entry of vessels

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11
Q

In what orientation is the head of the femur?

A

Medially

Superiorly

Anteriorly

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12
Q

What are the implications of the anterior orientation of the femur?

A

A small part sticks out of the capsule - protected by the psoas bursa

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13
Q

Which aspect of the acetabulum does the femur articulate with?

A

The roof - where the cartilage is thickest

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14
Q

What is weaver’s bottom?

A

Bursitis due to irritation of the ischial tuberosity

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15
Q

Apart from the psoas bursa where else do can you find bursa?

A

Over the greater trochanter

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16
Q

What is the function of the labrum of the hip joint?

A

Increase the SA for articulation

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17
Q

What is the function of the ligament of the head of the femur?

A

Direct the development of the obturature artery

18
Q

Why does the neck of the femur become susceptible to breaking with age?

A

Loss of the trabeculae

19
Q

What are the inferior (medial and lateral) trabeculae for?

A

Muscles pulling on the greater and lesser trochanter

20
Q

Where does the centre of gravity sit in relation to the hip joint?

A

Behind it

21
Q

Where does the centre of gravity sit in relation to the knee joint?

A

Slightly in front

22
Q

What are the implications of the position of the centre of gravity in relation to the ankle joint?

A

It’s a fair way forward therefore you need contraction of the soleus to remain upright

23
Q

What is the position of the greatest stability of the hip joint?

A

Extension

Medial rotation

Slight abduction

24
Q

What is the position of least stability of the hip joint?

A

Flexion

Lateral rotation

Adduction

25
Q

What ligament of the hip joint is most important?

A

Iliofemoral lig

26
Q

What movement does the iliofemoral ligament resist?

A

Extension

27
Q

What are the three ligaments of the hip joint?

A

Iliofemoral

Pubofemoral

Ischiofemoral

28
Q

What is the zona orbicularis?

A

Ring of fibres that line the internal aspect of the ligaments of the hip

29
Q

What are the retinacular fibres?

A

Extension of the capsule down the neck of the femur

30
Q

What are the retinacular fibres important for?

A

Blood supply of the neck

31
Q

When does the gluteus maximus work for extension?

A

When high power is required - eg sprinting

32
Q

What is the function of the 6 muscles that lie beneath the gluteus maximus?

A

Support the joint - pull the head into the socket

External rotation

33
Q

A Trendellenberg gait is due to damage to which muscles?

A

Gluteus medius and minimus

34
Q

What is the function of the gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Abduction

Hold the pelvis level when leg is raised during walking - dysfunction = Trendellenberg gait

35
Q

What are the three nerves of the hip joint and where do they lie?

A

Sciatic - behind

Obturator - Medial

Femoral - In front

36
Q

Where can hip pain be referred to?

A

The inner thigh

37
Q

What are the major blood suppliers of the hip joint?

A

The medial and lateral circumflex arterise

38
Q

What is endangered in a hip dislocation?

A

Sciatic nerve

39
Q

How do you treat congenital dislocation of the hip joint in babies?

A

Brace the legs in abduction to position the head in the socket

40
Q

How does a fructured head of the femur appear acutely?

A

Shortened and medially rotated (due to muscle spasm)

Musculo-Skeletal (7 decks)

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