knee joint Flashcards
What are the 2 or 3 joints in the knee called?
Tibiofemoral joint (medial + lateral)
Patellofemoral joint
What type of joint is the patellofemoral joint?
Gliding
What is the groove (in-between the 2 condyles) called at the distal end of the femur?
Trochlear groove
What is the groove on the patella called and for?
Articular facet for medial condyle
What is on the more inner side of the condyles on the femur and tibia?
Epicondyles
What is the function of the patella?
Increases the leverage of the quadriceps at the knee
How does the leverage of the patella function?
Creates a longer lever from where the quadriceps are pulling from, thus giving a higher contracting force
What is a bursa?
Fluid sac that reduces friction
What are the names of the 3 buusae?
Prepatellar bursa
Suprapatellar bursa
Infrapateller bursa
Where is the prepatellar bursa located?
Anterior to the patella
Where is the Suprapatellar bursa located?
Superior to the patella
Where is the infrapatellar bursa located?
Inferior to the patella
Where is the tibial plateau?
Superior surface of the tibia
What does the tibial plateau do?
Articulates with the lateral condyles to create flexion and extension in a hinge manner
Where is the anterior cruciate ligament located?
The posterior medial border of the lateral femoral condyle
Where does the ACL attach?
Anteriorly to the tibial plateau
What is the role of the ACL?
Helps stabilise the joint
Where is the posterior cruciate ligament located?
The anterior medial border of the medial femoral condyle
Where does the PCL attach?
Posteriorly to the tibial plateau
Where does the fibular collateral ligament run from?
The lateral side of the lateral femoral condyle to the lateral aspect of the fibular head
Where does the tibial collateral ligament run from?
The medial aspect of the medial femoral condyle to the medial aspect of the tibial shaft
What does the medial collateral ligament do?
Resists a valgus force
What is valgus force?
A force that tries to push the knee joint medially
What does the lateral collateral ligament do?
Resists a varus force
