Knee injuries Flashcards
pathogenesis of Patellofemoral joint pain
hip muscle/ rear foot eversion= dynamic valgus
-quad disbalance// ITB- patella multrack
hamstrings lead to quad disbalance
Risk factors for PFJ PAIN
extrinsic- body mass/ footwear/ volume of work
intrinsic- patella allignment in the trochlea of the femur
local= patella position/ Quads
Remote= increased hip add/ increase knee valgus/ tibia rotation/ increase knee flexion/ increased hip external rotation
local risk factor of patella position
lateral displacement
lateral tilt
posterior tilt
patella alta
factors contributing to the increase hip adduction on PFJ
femoral anterversion
decreased strength of hip external rotators
decrease hip external hip rotation
poor motor control
PFP increased hip adduction contributing factors
decreased strength in hip adduction
hip extensors
decreased ankle dorsiflexion ROM
PFP increased valgus/ abduction contributing factors
decreased strength of hip external rotators/ hamstrings/ quads
decreased ROM of ankle dorsiflexion
increase ROM of subtalar
what do patients indicate if they have PFJ pain
may report knee giving way
crepitus
swelling
locking
clicking
aggrivating factors of of PFJ pain
loaded knee flexion activities
prolonged sitting with knee flexion
What will the therapist feel on exam of PFJ PAIN
swelling
tendernous medial and lateral facets
Quad wasting
Rom full but with pain
PFJ glide= restriction
how to functional asset PFJ pain
sqaut/ lunge/ step down/ jump
patella tendinopathy
chronic overuse and degeneration of the patella tendon
risk factors of petella tendinopathy
High BMI
high waist to hip ratio
low arch of the foot
decreased flexibility
age/ makes/ volleyball
MOI of patella tendinopathy
repetitive mechanical loading of patella tendon
high workload
aggerivating factors of patella tendinopathy
jump/ power activity
change direction
running
prolonged sitting
therapist will see in exam of patella tendinopathy
localised swelling
thickened tendon
tendernous
crepitus
ROM- full but pulling of muscle
functional testing of patella tendinopathy
squat/ lunge/ hop/ jump/ eccentric loading
fat pad impingement
infrapatella fat pad impinged between the patella and femoral condyles
therapist will examine with fat pad impingment
swelling
tendernous
pain with quad contraction
reproduce pain on squat
osgood schlatters
microfractures at the tibial tuberosity due to exccesive growth
sinding larsin johansen syndrome
inferior part of the patella experiences pain
usually in adolecents
illitotibial band friction syndrome
aggrivating- knee flexion/ run/ cycle
MOI- down hill and increase in work load
physical exam
local swell
tendernous epicondyle
crepitus
obers test
degenerative meniscal lesions
meniscus tears
OA
produce medial or lateral knee pain
McMurray test
Osteoarthritis
risk- age/ gender/ race/ obesity
NICE with diagnosis of OA
over 45
joint related pain
stiffness last no longer than 30 Mins
