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msk > Knee Conditions > Flashcards

Knee Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common meniscal tear?

A

Medial meniscal tear (more fixed structure- attached to MCL)

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of a meniscal tear?

A

Twisting movement
Pop sound or sensation

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3
Q

What are meniscal tear symptoms?

A

Pain
Swelling
Stiffness
Restricted ROM
Knee locking
Knee ‘giving way’

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4
Q

What is McMurray’s test for meniscal tear?

A

Flexed to extended movement with internal rotation= lateral meniscal damage
Flexed to extended movement with external rotation= medial meniscal damage

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5
Q

What area of the meniscus is unlikely to heal and why?

A

Medial zone- poor blood supply

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6
Q

What are the management options for meniscal tears?

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
NSAIDs
Physio
Arthroscopy (keyhole)- repair or resection

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7
Q

What is the most common cruciate ligament injury?

A

ACL rupture

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8
Q

What are the attachments of ACL?

A

Anterior intercondylar area of tibia
Intercondylar notch of femur

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9
Q

What are the attachments of PCL>

A

Posterior intercondylar area on tibia
Intercondylar notch of femur

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10
Q

What is the mechanism of ACL rupture?

A

Twisting injury to the knee

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of ACL injury?

A

Pain
Swelling
‘pop’ sound or sensation
Instability of knee joint

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12
Q

What tests are done for ACL damage?

A

Anterior draw test- tibia moves an excessive distance anteriorly
Lachman test

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13
Q

What is first line imaging for ACL damage?

A

MRI

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14
Q

What is the management of ACL damage?

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
Crutches and knee brace
Physio
Arthroscopic surgery

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15
Q

What is used as a graft for ACL reconstruction?

A

Hamstring tendon
Quadriceps tendon

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16
Q

What is the most common ligament injury of the knee?

A

Medial (tibial) collateral ligament

17
Q

What is the mechanism of MCL injury?

A

Severe valgus stress

18
Q

What are the symptoms of MCL injury?

A

Pop or crack
Pain
Bruising
Swelling
Tender
Painful on full extension

19
Q

What is the main treatment of MCL injury?

A

Conservative management
Only severe tears require surgery

20
Q

What is osteochondritis dissecans?

A

A condition in which a piece of bone or cartilage (or both) inside a joint loses blood supply and dies

21
Q

What are the symptoms of osteochondritis dissecans?

A

Activity related pain
Recurrent effusions
Poorly localised
Mechanical

22
Q

What is the management of osteochondritis dissecans?

A

Restrict weight bearing
ROM brace
Arthroscopy- subchondral drilling, fixation of loose fragment

msk (20 decks)

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