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OS 203 Finals > Knee and Leg > Flashcards

Knee and Leg Flashcards

0
Q

Weight-bearing bone of the leg

A

Tibia

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1
Q

Type of joint - knee

A

Modified hinge joint

Because it will rotate to lock the knee joint in the last few degrees of extension

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2
Q

The patella is what kind of bone

A

Sesamoid bone

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3
Q

Patellar stabilizers

A

Vastus medialis, lateral patellar condyle, joint facets

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4
Q

Synovial lining of the knee that is continuous with the synovial membrane capsule of the knee

A

Suprapatellar bursa

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5
Q

How many bursa are present around the knee?

A

At least 12

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6
Q

Suprapatellar Bulge

A

Excess fluid inside the knee

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7
Q

Swelling of the semimembranosus or synovial bursa behind the knee joint

A

Baker’s Cyst

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8
Q

Stabilizes the medial area of the knee, against valgus force

A

Medial collateral ligament/tubular collateral ligament

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9
Q

Stabilizes lateral area of the knee, against varus force

A

Lateral collateral ligament/fibular collateral ligament

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10
Q

Contributes to the knees anteroposterior stability

A

Anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament

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11
Q

Space-filler analogous to labrum in the knee

A

Menisci

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12
Q

Static Stabilizers of the Knee

A

MCL, LCL, PCL, ACL, MENISCI

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13
Q

Dynamic Stabilizers of the Knee

A

Extensor mechanism, biceps femoris, iliotibial tract, pes anserinus, semimembranosus, oblique popliteal ligament, popliteus, medial and lateral head of gastrocnemius

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14
Q

Knock-kneed, piki, toes pointing inward

A

Coxa valga, genu valgum

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15
Q

Components of the pes anserinus

A

(SGT)

Semitendinosus, Gracilis, Sartorius

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16
Q

Bow-legged, sakang, toes pointing outward

A

Coxa vara, genu varum

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17
Q

Caused by eroded menisci

A

Osteoarthritis

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18
Q

Area where quadriceps femoris inserts via patellar tendon

A

Tibial tuberosity

19
Q

Bone that carries most of the body weight

A

Tibia

20
Q

The tibia superiorly articulates with the ____, and inferiorly with the ____.

A

Superior: femoral condyle
Inferior: talus

21
Q

[T/F] the fibula has no articulation on the surface of the knee

A

T

22
Q

Firmly attaches the fibula to the tibia

A

Tibiofibular syndesmosis

23
Q

Anterior fascial compartment paralysis

A

Results to inability to dorsiflex, exhibiting a foot drop

24
Q

Fasciotomy

A

Surgical procedure where the muscle fascia is cut to relieve tension or pressure

25
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment

A

PETE: Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus (fibularis) tertius

26
Q

Role of anterior compartment muscles

A

Dorsiflexion of the ankle and extensor of toe

27
Q

Strongest dorsiflexor

A

Tibialis anterior

28
Q

Most lateral of the anterior leg muscles, inserts into 2nd to 5th toes

A

Extensor digitorum longus

29
Q

Extends the big toe

A

Extensor hallucis longus

30
Q

[ACTION] peroneus tertius

A

Contributes weakly to dorsiflexion, pronation/eversion of foot, contracts reflexively to protect anterior talofibular ligament

31
Q

Most commonly sprained ligament of the body

A

Anterior talofibular ligament

33
Q

Muscles of the lateral compartment

A

Peroneus/fibularis longus, peroneus/fibularis brevis

33
Q

Connects the two heads of the gastrocnemius

A

Aponeurosis

34
Q

Muscles of the posterior compartment

A

Superficial posterior: gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris (ankle plantarflexors)

Deep posterior: popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

35
Q

Needed for push-off phase of walking

A

Gastrocnemius

36
Q

Components of the triceps sure

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus

37
Q

Part of the leg that is commonly used as a tendon graft

A

Plantaris

38
Q

Workhorse of plantarflexion

A

Soleus

39
Q

Role of popliteus

A

Forms the interior part of the floor of the popliteal fossa

40
Q

Deepest and most anterior muscle in the flexor compartment

A

Tibialis posterior

41
Q

Muscles that form the stirrup at the base of the foot

A

Tibialis posterior and peroneus longus

42
Q

Number of weeks needed to heal an Achilles Tendon Rupture

A

6-12 weeks

43
Q

[INNERVATION] Anterior compartment of leg

A

Deep peroneal nerve

44
Q

[INNERVATION] Lateral compartment of leg

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

45
Q

[INNERVATION] Posterior compartment of leg

A

Tibial nerve

46
Q

Structures that pass through the tarsal tunnel

A

Tiny Dogs Are Not Hunters

  1. Tibialis posterior
  2. Flexor digitorum longus
  3. Posterior tibial artery
  4. Tibial nerve
  5. Flexor hallucis longus

OS 203 Finals (9 decks)

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