Knee Flashcards
Name the regions of the lower limb
Gluteal Femoral Knee Leg Ankle Foot
What are the posterior and lateral borders of the gluteal region?
P - buttocks
L - Hip
What is the bone of the gluteal region?
Hip (Oscox)
What are the borders of the femoral region?
P - gluteal
A - inguinal
I - proximal knee
What is the bone of the femoral region?
Femur
What are the borders of the knee?
S- distal femoral condyles
I - proximal tibia
What is the bone of the knee region?
Patella
What are the borders of the leg region?
Distal to knee and proximal to the ankle
What are the bones of the leg region?
tibia and fibula
What are the borders of the ankle region?
Talocrural joint and distal leg
What does knee stability depend on?
Surrounding muscles
Connecting ligaments
Menisci
What are the 2 meniscus in the knee?
Lateral and medial
What are the external ligaments of the knee?
Fibular collateral LCL Tibial collateral MCL Oblique popliteal Arcuate popliteal Patellar Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
Where does the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) go?
Lateral femoral epicondyle to the
Head of the fibula
Where does the medical collateral ligament (MCL) go?
Medial femoral epicondyle to the
Medial meniscus then to the
Medial tibia
What is the role of the MCL?
Withstand valgus forces
What is the purpose of the LCL?
To withstand varus forces (medial -> lateral forces)
Where does the ACL go?
Medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle to the
Anterior part of the tibia (anterior to intercondylar eminence)
What is the purpose of the ACL?
Prevent posterior translation of the femur on the tibia
Prevent anterior translation of the tibia on the femur
Prevent knee hyperextension
Limits tibial rotation
Where does the PCL go?
Lateral part of medial condyle to the Posterior tibia (posterior to the intercondylar eminence)
What is the purpose of the PCL?
prevent femur sliding forwards off the tibia
Prevents hyper flexion of the knee
Stabilises the flexed knee
