Knee

Question 1

what is the closed packed position of the knee?

Answer 1

Knee extension the joint is locked and the leg cannot rotate.

• The collateral ligaments are taut and provide stability.

Question 2

What type of joint is the knee?

Answer 2

Synovial modified hinge joint and contains the tibiofibular joint and the knee joint

Question 3

Describe the articulating surfaces of the knee joint

Answer 3

The femoral condyles of the distal femur are concave and the proximal tibia is convex

Question 4

Describe the screw home mechanism in open-chain

Answer 4

Femur fixed, tibia moves freely

• Anterior slide and roll
• Lateral rotation of tibia on femur to lock

Knee ext + conjunct ER to lock

Question 5

Describe the screw home mechanism in closed-chain

Answer 5

Tibia fixed, femur moves freely

Anterior roll and posterior slide of femur on tibia

• femur rotates medially on tibia to lock since the medial femoral condyle is wider anterior to posterior

femur rotates externally rotates to unlock

Question 6

What layer of the meniscus is capable of healing?

Answer 6

• outer 1/3 well-vascularized > some healing occurs
• Central 2/3 aneural so hard to get feedback from the body on damage
• Inner 2/3, avascular

Question 7

What is the Q angle?

Answer 7

The angle of pull between the patella and quads

- center of patella thru the head of femur

Question 8

What type of knee injury tends to be non-contact?

Answer 8

ACL injuries

Question 9

Describe the difference between true and pseudo-knee-locking

Answer 9

Pseudo-lock is only temporary until pain subsides such as reflex inhibition or pain.

True locking, is usually due to limited extension
- knee lock in flexion and can be due to posterior horn of medial meniscus

Question 10

What is Plica?

Answer 10

snapping of CT over the femoral condyles

Question 11

What is a baker’s cyst?

Answer 11

A Baker’s cyst (or Baker cyst), also known as a popliteal cyst, is a swelling in the popliteal space, the space behind the knee. It causes stiffness and knee pain. The pain caused by the cyst typically worsens if the patient fully flexes or extends the knee, or moves around.

Question 12

What are the special tests for meniscal tears?

Answer 12

McMurray > medial and lateral force
Apley’s, prone push down on foot with IR/ER of tibia
Bounce Home

Question 13

What are the special patella tests?

Answer 13

Clarke’s, inferior glide of patella > quad contraction

Apprehension, lateral push on patella