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Athletic Training > knee > Flashcards

knee Flashcards

1
Q

joints in knee

A

tibiofemoral

patellofemoral

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2
Q

ligs in knee

6 of them

A
  • medial capsular (deep)
  • med collateral (superfic)
  • lat capsular (deep)
  • lateral collateral
  • ant cruciate lig
  • post cruciate lig
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3
Q

how is the medial meniscus shaped?
what sits in it?
what does it attach to?

A

medial (c shaped):

  • attaches to med capsular lig
  • med tib plateau
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4
Q

origin and insertion of patellar tendon

A

O: inf of patella
I: tib tubercle

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5
Q

what muscles only extend knee

A
  • vastus lateralis
  • vastus medialis
  • vastus intermedis
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6
Q

what are the actions of the rectus femoris

A

-flex hip and extend knee

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7
Q

muscles of hamstrings

-actions of these muscles

A
  • semitendinosis
  • semimembrinosis
  • bicep femoris
  • actions: flex knee/extend hip
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8
Q

muscles of pes anserine group

-action of these muscles

A
  • sartorius
  • gracilis
  • semitendinosis
  • action: flex knee
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9
Q

where do all the pes anserine muscles insert

A

pes anserine tendon

-sup to MCL

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10
Q

origin and insertion of IT band

A

O: ASIS/iliac crest as tensor fascia latae
I: gerdys tub (lat tibia)

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11
Q

valgus/vargus stress test

-what are you testing?

A
  • test @ 0 flex then 20-30 flex
  • push on inside and outside of knee
  • testing: MCL/LCL
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12
Q

anterior drawer test of knee

-what are you testing?

A

-knee flexed 90 pull tibia towards you while sitting on foot
neutral foot: testing ACL
ER foot: testing ACL and med structures
IR foot: testing ACL and lat structures

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13
Q

why is the anterior drawer test of knee not very reliable

A

hamstrings will give false negative if contracted

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14
Q

posterior drawer test of knee

what are you testing?

A
  • testing PCL
  • same as anterior drawer test but push tibia back
  • tibia will line up femur of make a C shape
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15
Q

Lachman stress test
what are you testing?
what are you looking for?

A
  • testing ACL
  • knee flex 10-15
  • hands on distal femur and prox tibia
  • pull tib up and femur down
  • look for: an end pnt
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16
Q

mcmurray stress test\

  • what are you testing?
  • what are you looking for?
A

-testing menisci
-flex knee 90
-hand on knee and heel
med men: vargus, extend knee
lat men: valgus, extend knee
-look for increased pain or popping

17
Q

apleys compression test

what is it testing for?

A
  • menisci
  • lying on stomach flex knee 90
  • push down on foot
  • IR/ER rotate foot then push down
18
Q

mechanism of MCL injury

A

valgus force (hit on lat side of leg)

19
Q

what happens if mechanism of MCL injury is severe enough

A

injury to O’Donaghues triad

  • med collateral
  • anterior cruciate
  • med menisci
20
Q

mechanism of LCL injury

A

vargus force (hit on med side of leg)

21
Q

what happens if mechanism of LCL injury is severe enough

A

injury to

  • bicep femoris at insertion
  • IT band at gerdy tub
22
Q

5 mechanisms of ACL injury

A
  • IR of lower leg, ER of femur/body
  • ER of lower leg, IR of femur/body
  • force that drives tibia forward when knee id flexed
  • hyperextension (tibia moves back)
  • deceleration
23
Q

mechanism of PCL injury

A
  • force to ant tibia while knee flexed 90

- fall on tib tub

24
Q

signs/symptoms of knee injuries

6 of them

A
  • pain/tenderness
  • swelling
  • limit of motion
  • muscular dysfuntion/spasms
  • inability to walk
  • ecchymosis
25
Q

signs and symptoms of knee injuries that can occur days to weeks later

A
  • clicking
  • locking
  • instability
  • pinching w/ jnt
26
Q

what is important about meniscus for tears

A

outer 1/3 is vascular

middle is possibly vascular

27
Q

chondromalacia patella

A

-softening of artic cartilage of post aspect of patella

28
Q

patella femoral pain syndrome

A
  • patella doesnt stay in groove

- tendancy to ride over lat condyle due to quads contracting

29
Q

IT band friction syndrome

A

during flexion and extension IT band irritated by lat femoral condyle

flex: moves from post to lat condyle
ext: moves from ant to lat condyle

30
Q

obers test

what does it test for?

A

tests: IT friciton snydrome
-lay on side
-flex knee 90
-hip neutral
-abd hip ad drop
look for: if stuck band is tight

31
Q

nobles test

what does it test for

A

tests for: IT friciton syndrome

  • sit on edge of table
  • pressure on insertion
  • flex/ext knee
32
Q

osgood schlatters disease

signs/symp

A

disorder of growing tibial tub
S/S:
-pain/swelling/local tender of tibial tub

33
Q

cause of osgood schlatters

A
  • kneeling, jumping, running
  • direct trauma
  • any stress at patella tendon
34
Q

treatmetn of osgood schlatters

3 of them

A
  • decrease acitivty/lessen stress
  • ice
  • increase quad work
35
Q

osteochondritis dissecans

where is it usually?

A

arae of bone under goes changes which result in piece of bone loose in jnt
-usually in post lat aspect of med condyle

36
Q

cause of osteochondritis dissecans

A
  • direct blow to patella diriving back on femur
  • impairmen of blood to affect area of femur
  • heredity
37
Q

what is the lateral meniscus shaped like?
what sits in it?
where does it attach?

A

lateral (o shaped)

  • moveable
  • doesnt attache to lat capsular lig
  • lat tib plateu sits in it
38
Q

parts of both menisci

A
  • ant portion = body
  • post portion = horn
  • outer part thicker than inner
  • coranary lig ties outer edge to tib
  • transerve lig ties two parts together

Athletic Training (8 decks)

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