Knee

Question 1

What is the Q angle measured between?

Answer 1

ASIS to center of patella

Tibial tuberosity to center of patella

Question 2

What is the normal ROM for knee flexion and extension of the knee?

Answer 2

Flexion = 145-150˚
Extension = 0˚

Question 3

What nerves control flexion and extension of the knee?

Answer 3

Flexion = Tibial n. (L4-S3)
Extension = Femoral (L2-4)

Question 4

What is the normal ROM for internal and external rotation of the knee?

Answer 4

10˚

Question 5

Dermatomes of the knee are covered by what nerve roots?

Answer 5

L3-S2

Question 6

The femoral reflex is controlled mainly by which nerve and nerve root?

Answer 6

L4 of the femoral n.

Question 7

When performing varus and vagus stress tests, what is the difference between testing the capsule and testing the ligaments of the knee?

Answer 7

Capsule = 0˚ knee flexion
Ligaments = 30˚ knee flexion

Question 8

What is the grading scale for the laxity test and what does it test?

Answer 8

Tests patellar ligament
Grading:
1 = 0-25%
2 = 26-50%
3 = 51-75%
4 = 76-100%

Question 9

What two tests would be used to test the patella cartilage and how are they performed?

Answer 9

Compression/Grind test: compress patella and move laterally/medially over joint
Glide test: passively flex/extend knee noting crepitus, pain, or catching

Question 10

What is chrondromalacia?

Answer 10

Cartilage degeneration, softening

Question 11

What would you use the McMurray’s test for and how is it performed?

Answer 11

Meniscus
Internal/external rotation of tibia at knee joint
Medial meniscus = varus
Lateral meniscus = vagus

Question 12

What would you use the Apleys test for and how is it performed?

Answer 12

Meniscus
Pt. prone with knee flexed 90˚
Compress/Distract joint and rotate internally/externally
Compression = meniscus
Distraction = collateral ligament

Question 13

What are the two tests for the ACL?

Answer 13

Lachman’s: knee flexed 15-30˚, pull anteriorly on tibia while stabilizing thigh with other hand
Anterior Drawer: knee flexed 90˚, sit on pts. foot and pull tibia anteriorly

Question 14

What are the two tests for the PCL?

Answer 14

Reverse Lachman’s: knee flexed 15-30˚, push tibia posteriorly while stabilizing thigh with other hand
Posterior Drawer: knee flexed 90˚, sit on pts. foot and push tibia posteriorly

Question 15

What is the unhappy triad?

Answer 15

ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus

Question 16

What is another name for “jumper’s knee”?

Answer 16

Patellar Tendonitis

Question 17

An avulsion of the secondary ossification center of the tibial tuberosity is diagnosed as what?

Answer 17

Osgood-Schlatter Dx