Elbow

Question 1

What are the 2 carrying angles of the elbow?

Answer 1

Cubitus vagus: >15˚

Cubitus varus: 5 (gunstock)

Question 2

Dermatomes of the elbow/arm come from what nerve roots?

Answer 2

C5-T1

Question 3

What is the normal ROM of the elbow in flexion, extension, and supination/pronation?

Answer 3

Flexion = 145-150˚
Extension = 0-(-5˚)
Supination/pronation = 90˚

Question 4

The biceps reflex, brachioradialis reflex, and triceps reflex come from which nerve roots primarily?

Answer 4

Biceps = C5
Brachioradialis = C6
Triceps = C7

Question 5

What is tinel’s test testing for and how is it performed?

Answer 5

Ulnar nerve entrapment

Tap between olecranon and medial epicondyle in ulnar groove

Question 6

Cubital tunnel syndrome occurs because the ulnar nerve is compressed under which muscle?

Answer 6

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 7

Tennis and golfer’s elbow are associated with which type of epicondylitis?

Answer 7

Tennis = lateral
Golfer's = medial

Question 8

The varus and valgus stress tests are testing for which ligaments and are performed by applying what force to what part of the arm?

Answer 8

Varus: RCL/LCL
Adduction force applied to distal forearm
Valgus: UCL/MCL
Abduction force applied to distal forearm

Question 9

What are the 3 phases of epicondylar apophysitis (little league elbow)?

Answer 9

Medial apophysities (childhood)
Medial epicondyle avulsion fracture (adolescence)
Medial collateral ligament tear (young adulthood)

Question 10

What is nursemaid’s elbow?

Answer 10

Annular ligament tear/radial head subluxation

Question 11

Ulnar adduction and abduction are coupled with which other movements?

Answer 11

Adduction - supination

Abduction - pronation

Question 12

Posterior and anterior radial head glide are coupled with which other movements?

Answer 12

Posterior glide - pronation

Anterior glide - supination