Knee

Question 1

Orientation for AP projection knee

Answer 1

10x12 lengthwise

Question 2

Where is the central Ray directed for AP knee

Answer 2

1/2 inch inferior to the patellar apex
Variable depending on the measurement between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the tabletop

Question 3

What is the evaluation for AP knee

Answer 3

• Entire knee without rotation
• Femoral condyles symmetric and tibia intercondyler eminence center
• slight superimposition of the fibular head if the tibia is normal
  *patella completely superimposed on the femur
• open femorotibial joint space with interspaces of equal width on both sides if the knee is normal

Question 4

What are the ASIS measurements?

Answer 4

<19 cm 3-5 degrees caudad
19-24 cm 0 degrees
>24 cm 3-5 degrees cephalad

Question 5

AP knee patient position

Answer 5

Supine

Question 6

Lateral knee orientation

Answer 6

10X12 inches lengthwise

Question 7

True OR false the Lateral knee is not mediolateral projection

Answer 7

False it is 😜

Question 8

For lateral knee should you turn the patient on the affected or unaffected side?
And how much should you flex the knee 🐙

Answer 8

Affected and flex that knee 20-30 degrees

Question 9

Tell me about the central ray for lateral knee where is it directed? 👀

Answer 9

~It is directed 1 inch distal to the medial epicondyle
-REMEMBER angle the CR 5~7 degrees CEPHALAD 😎

Question 10

To prevent fragment separation and or unhealed patellar fractures, the knee should not be flexed more than how many degrees?

Answer 10

10° 🥳

Question 11

What are some evaluation criteria for the lateral projection of the knee?

Answer 11

-Knee flex 20 to 30° and true lateral position as demonstrated by femoral condyles superimposed
-fibular head and tibia slightly superimposed(over rotation causes less superimposition, and under rotation causes more super imposition)😑
-patella in lateral profile
-Open patellofemoral joint space
-Open join space between femoral condyles and tibia
-

Question 12

What are the evaluation criteria for lateral knee regarding anterior surface of the medial condyle and inferior surface of the medial condyle and lateral condyle. There are four.😘

Answer 12

Anterior surface of the medial condyle closer to the patella results from over rotation toward the image receptor

Anterior surface of the medial condyle farther from the patella results from under rotation away from the IR

Inferior surface of medial condyle are caudal to lateral condyle results from insufficient valid central

Inferior surface of lateral condyle caudal to medial condyle results from insufficient cephalad central angle

Question 13

Why would we do an AP projection knee weight-bearing method standing?

Answer 13

It is used for the examination of arthritic knees and often reveals narrowing of joint space that appears normal on nonweightbearing study

Question 14

Where is the central ray directed for AP projection of knees weight-bearing?

Answer 14

1/2 inch below the apices of the patellae

Question 15

For AP oblique knees, the limb is rotated how many degrees

Answer 15

45°

Question 16

True or false the AP oblique projection of the knee medial rotation is the most common?

Answer 16

True❤️

Question 17

Where is the CR directed for oblique knee?

Answer 17

Directed 1/2 inferior to the patellar Apex

the angle is variable depending on the ASIS and table top measurement (same thing as AP knees)

Question 18

Give me the evaluation criteria for oblique projection of the knees 🤔

Answer 18

-Tibia and fibula separated at their proximal articulation (tibiofibular articulation clearly demonstrated)
-Posterior tibia
-Lateral condyles of the femur and tibia
-Both tibial plateaus
-Margin of the patella projecting slightly beyond the medial side of the femoral condyle
Open knee joint

Question 19

What is the position of the patient for a lateral knee?

Answer 19

Lateral recumbent

Question 20

PA Axial Project
HOLMBLAD METHOD

Part Position? CR angle?

Answer 20

Part: Flex knee 70 degrees (from full extension)
CR: PERP

Question 21

PA Axial Project
HOLMBLAD METHOD

Evaluation/Reason?

Answer 21

Evaluation: OPEN intercondylar fossa
Apex of Patella NOT superimposing fossa

Question 22

For the lateral projection of the patella (mediolateral), you flex the affected knee how many degrees?

Answer 22

5° to 10°

Question 23

PA Axial Project
HOLMBLAD METHOD

Pt position?

Answer 23

Pt Position: 1. standing with knee flexed on stool
2. Standing w/ knee flexed & placed in contact w/ IR
3. Kneeling on table

Question 24

PA Axial Projection
CAMP-COVENTRY METHOD

Reason and Part position?

Answer 24

Open intercondylar fossa

PP: Flex Knee 40 or 50 degree angle

Question 25

AP Axial Projection
BECLERE METHOD

Evaluation/Reason?

Answer 25

Evaluation: ~ OPEN intercondylar fossa
~ Intercondylar eminence and knee joint space

Question 26

AP Axial Projection
BECLERE METHOD

Position of Part?

Answer 26

PP: Flex knee to place FEMUR at 60 degree angle to Long axis of TIBIA

Question 27

Patella
PA Projection

Orientation? And CR?

Answer 27

10x12 LW

CR: PERP to Midpopliteal area (exiting patella)

Question 28

Name the projection

Answer 28

Hughston Method (tangential projection)

Question 29

Patella
PA Projection

Pt position?

Answer 29

Pt position: PRONE (if painful place sandbag under thigh & leg to relieve pressure)

Question 30

Patella
PA Projection

Part Position?

Answer 30

PP: Center patella
Patella = PARALLEL w IR ~ Rotate heel 5-10 degrees laterally

Question 31

Why do we do the Hughston method?

Answer 31

To see the patella in profile

Question 32

Name this projection

Answer 32

Merchant Method (tangential projection)

Question 33

Name the projection

Answer 33

Settegast Method, Sunrise Method (tangential projection)