Femur, Pelvis, Hip Flashcards
4 evaluation Criteria
AP Femur
- Most of Femur& Joint NEAREST to pathologic
condition or site of injury/2nd proj of other - Femoral neck = NOT Foreshortened
- Lesser trochanter NOT seen beyond
medial border of Femur or small portion seen
on PROX Femur - ANY Orthopedic applience in Entirety
3 evaluation with Hip included
Lateral Femur
-Opposite thigh NOT over Prox. Femur
-Greater trochanter SUPERIMPOSED Over DISTAL
Femoral Neck
-Lesser trochanter Visible on MEDIAL aspect of
PROX Femar,
Projection? & reason? And whats the primary diff?
Long bone Measurement
To evaluate for:
Length Discrepancy
IR size= Primary Diff
Projection? &What are the 5 evaluation criteria?
AP Pelvis
- Entire Pelvis + Proximal Femora
- BOTH ilia + Greater trochanters equidistant from
edge of radiograph - Lower vertebral column centered
- NO ROTATION of Pelvis.
im - ## PROPER rotation of Prox. Femora:
How can we ensure there’s no rotation of the pelvis for AP Pelvis?
*Symmetric ilia
*Symmetric obturator foramina
*Ischial Spines Equally seen
*Sacrum + coccyx aligned w/Pubic Symphysis
How can we ensure proper rotation of proximal femoral? For AP femur
-Femoral necks in full extent w/o superimposition
-Greater Trochanters in PROFILE
-Lesser trochanters if seen, Visible on MEDIAL BORDER of Femora
Projection? & 4 evaluation criteria
AP Oblique (HIP)
Modified Cleaves Method
• Acetabulum, femoral head, and femoral neck
• Lesser trochanter on the medial side of the femur
*pubic symphysis
• Femoral neck without superimposition by the greater trochanter;
(excess abduction causes the greater trochanter to obstruct the neck)
AP Oblique HIP (Modified Cleaves Method) ( UNILATERAL)
Whats the pt position? & CR? & collimation?
Pt = Supine
Cr= perp, to the femoral neck
Colli= 10X12 CW
Projection?
AP Oblique HIP (Modified Cleaves Method) HIP
BILATERAL projection
Projection?
AP Oblique HIP (Modified Cleaves Method) HIP
BILATERAL projection
AP Oblique HIP (Modified Cleaves Method) HIP
Position of part?
*center ASIS of the affected side to midline of grid
- have pt flex hip & knee of affected side & draw foot up to opposite knee as much as possible
*sole of foot against the opposite knee and ABDUCT THIGH Lateraly ~45 degrees
AP Oblique HIP (Modified Cleaves Method) HIP
UNILATERAL
Structures shown?
Femoral head, neck, trochanteric area
Collimation?
Pt position?
CR?
Respiration?
AP hip
10x12 LW
Pt Position=Supine
CR= perp to Femoral neck, (2.5 in distal to midpoint of line between ASIS & Pubic symphysis)
SUSPEND RESP
AP Hip
What’s the position of part?
*Medially rotate lower limb &. Foot approximately 15-20 degrees
(Places femoral necks parallel w plane of IR)
AP Hip
6 Evaluation Criteria
*Regions of the ilium & pubic bone’s adjoining the Pubic Symphysis
*HIP joint
*Prox. 1/3 of Femur
*Femoral head, penetrated & seen thru acetabulum (HIP JOINT)
*Entire long axis of. Femoral Neck. NOT foreshortened
*Lesser Trochanter usually NOT projected BEYOND Medial Border of Femur
OR only small amnt visible
Projection? & Purpose?
Lateral Projection of HIP
LAUNSTEIN & HICKEY METHODS
Mediolateral
Purpose= shows HIP JOINT & relationship of femoral head. To the Acetabulum
What the fuck is this projection, pt position, PURPOSE & part position?
AP OBLIQUE projection
JUDET METHOD & MODIFIED JUDET METHOD
Pt position= RPO & LPO positions
Purpose = OPEN & VISUALIZED ACETABULUM (fractures)
Pp= 45 degree posterior oblique
Projection? Purpose? CR?
AP Axial Outlet Projection
Taylor method
Purpose= LOOKING @ OUTLET of PELVIS
BECAUSE THIS IS A FEMALE
CR= directed 30 to 45 degrees CEPHALAD
(entering midline 2”inferior to superior border of Pubic Symphysis)
Projection? Purpose? & CR?
AP Axial Outlet Projection
Taylor method
Purpose= LOOKING @ OUTLET of PELVIS
BECAUSE THIS IS A MALE
CR= directed 20 to 35 degrees CEPHALAD
(entering midline 2”inferior to superior border of Pubic Symphysis)
Projection? CR? & Purpose?
SUPEROINFERIOR AXIAL INLET Projection
Bridgman Method
CR= 40 degrees CAUDAD (entering midline @lvl of ASIS)
Purpose=Trauma,severe accident
Where is the IR in relation to Pelvis
1-1.5 above iliac crest
AP Axial Oulet Projection
Taylor Method
CR Men vs Women
Men- 20-35
Women 30-45
Both cephalad & entering midline @ point 2 in inferior to Superior border of pubic symphysis
Evaluation for lateral femur with knee included
Superimposed anterior surface of the femoral condyles
Patella in profile
Open patellofemoral space
Inferior surface of femoral condyles are NOT superimposed bc of divergent rays
