Kingdom Bacteria Flashcards
Obligate aerobes
Need oxygen
Obligate anaerobe
cannot survive WITH oxygen
Facultative aerobe
can live with or without oxygen
Gram positive
Thick and porous protein layer that stains purple
Gram Negative
Thin protein layer that stains pink
Round bacteria is called?
Coccus
Pill shape bacteria is called?
Bacillus
Spiral shape bacteria is called?
Spirillum
Asexual Reproduction in bacteria is called
Binary fission
Binary fission
splitting of parent cell into 2 daughter cells which have exact copy of DNA from parent cell
Sexual reproduction in bacteria is called
Conjugation
How does conjugation work with bacteria
Sex pili are used to exchange genetic
Transformation
occurs when a cell picks up a loose fragment of DNA from its surroundings and uses it
What do bacteria form around their DNA when time isn’t right?
Endospore
What are the roles of bacteria?
Decomposition: used in ecosystems to recycle carbon and nitrogen cycles
Pathogens: cause diseases in human, crops, and livestock.
Mutualism: between humans and bacteria. bacteria make vitamins, humans give a home
Commercial: used in environment cleanups (oil spills)
What is plasmid in bacteria?
Contains antibiotic resistant genes
what is capsule in bacteria?
protects bacteria from water lose, temp change, antibiotics, and white blood cells
what is cell wall in bacteria?
maintains bacteria shape
what is pili in bacteria?
allows bacteria to stick to surfaces. sex pili allows cells to transfer plasmid dna
What is flagellum in bacteria?
Helps bacteria move
What is flagellum in bacteria?
Helps bacteria move
Antibiotics
Preventing bacteria’s growth and reproduction. Stops them from building cell wall or making DNA
Exponential growth
Under favourable conditions bacteria can divide every 20 min
