Kingdom Animalia

Question 1

Structure of animals

Answer 1

-cell structure: multicellular, eukaryotes
-locomotion: most can move freely
-mode of nutrition: heterotrophs, ingest food
-classified by: structure, tissues, organ system

Question 2

Radical symmetry

Answer 2

Symmetry around a central axis.
Eg: Hydra, sponges

Question 3

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 3

symmetry around a midline
Eg: Turtle, crab, human

Question 4

The 2 types of bilaterally symmetrical animals are divided into 2 groups called…

Answer 4

Protostomes, and deuterostomes

Question 5

Protostomes

Answer 5

an animal when mouth forms before the anus

Question 6

Deuterostomes

Answer 6

animal where anus forms before the mouth

-humans belong to deuterostome phylum chordata

Question 7

Animal characteristics

Answer 7

-distinguished from other other organsisms by the number of germ layers.

Germ layers are the layers of cells in a developing embryo

Question 8

The 3 germ layers are..

Answer 8

-Ectoderm
-Endoderm
-Mesoderm

Question 9

Ectoderm

Answer 9

Outer layer, becomes skin, nervous system, some sensory organs

Question 10

Endoderm

Answer 10

inner layer becomes the respiratory system, pancreas, bladder, and the inner lining of the digestive system

Question 11

Mesoderm

Answer 11

middle layer becomes circulatory system, reproductive system, muscular system, and excretory system

Question 12

Phylum Parifera

Answer 12

Body structure: two cell layers with gelatinous material containing needle-like spicules for support.

Digestion:single opening through food enters and waste exits. Filter food from water

• Sponges

Question 13

Phylum Cnidaria

Answer 13

Body structure: two cell layers with radical symmetry. Contains a NEMATOCYST which is stinging cells with paralyzing toxins for defence or offense

Digestion: Single opening through which food enters and waste exits

extracellular digestion: ezmymes that digest food outside the body

jellyfish

Question 14

Phylum: Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

Answer 14

Body structure: body with distinct lead region and a flat ribbon like body

Digestion: single opening through which food enters and waste leaves

many are parasites
ex: tapeworm

Question 15

Phylum: Rotifera

Answer 15

body structure: less than 2mm long and use cilia to direct food into mouth

organ systems: have stomachs, jaw, anus, no circulatory or respiratory system

Question 16

Phylum: Annelida(segmented worms)

Answer 16

body structure: more complex than flatworms. body divided into ringed segments with distinct head and anal region

digestion: food entrees at mouth and exits at anus

Earthworm

Question 17

Phylum: Mollusca

Answer 17

Body structure: soft bodied organisms, have a body wall called a mantle which sometimes secretes a shell on the outer surface.

Foot for locomotion

Snails, slugs, clams, octopus, squids

Question 18

Phylum: Anthropoda

Answer 18

Body structure: Segmented body, legs divided into moveable segments. muscles organized into groups. have an exoskeleton made up of chitin

Classified according to the number of legs, and eyes they have.

Larger group of organisms on earth

Ants, flies, bees, roaches, spiders, crabs, lobsters

Question 19

Human Protostome Interactions

Answer 19

• Both compete for food

-Pathogens and vectors: flat worms are parasites, biting animals act as vectors spreading disease

• Food: we eat mollusks, bees make honey, pearl silk

Question 20

Phylum Echinodermata:

Answer 20

Body structure: invertebrates which has series of tubes of canals in body. Have tube-feet to capture prey

Gas exchange happens across thin membranes

starfish

Question 21

Phylum: Chordata

Answer 21

Body structure: Dorsal nerve chora, notachora which becomes a back bone in most chordates- usually appears only in embryo

• Gill skits in throat - usually appears in embryo

humans, birds

Question 22

Class: Agnathans

Answer 22

skeletons made up cartilage, no back bone only notachora, adults have gill slits, simplest chordata

jawless fish

Question 23

Class: Chondrichthyes(cartilaginous fish)

Answer 23

Development of true vertebrae’s, jaws, paired skeleton, skeleton made of cartilage.

Reproduction requires internal fertilization

sharks

Question 24

Class: Ostrichthes (bony fishes)

Answer 24

Bony skeletons,reproduce mostly externally, few internally

salmon

Question 25

Class: Amphibia (amphibians)

Answer 25

two pair of limbs, most have aquatic larva with gills, adults are tetrapods, breath through lungs or skin, external fertilization

frogs

Question 26

Class: Reptilia(reptiles)

Answer 26

Development of amniotic egg, waterproof skin, most torrestrial tetrapods, breath with lungs, internal fertilization, amniotic eggs with soft shells

Question 27

Class: Aves(Birds)

Answer 27

Development of feathers and modified limbs (wings), warm blooded, internal fertilization, hard shelled amniotic egg

Question 28

Class: Mammalia(mammals)

Answer 28

Nurse young with milk and have hair, larger brains; acute vision and sense of smell, most give birth to live young. warm blooded, infernal fertilization

Question 29

Germ layers are…

Answer 29

layers of cells in a developing embryo that develop into specialized cells

Question 30

Characteristics of animals

Answer 30

Ectoderm: Outer layer becomes skin, nervous system

Endoderm: Inner layer becomes respiratory system, pancreas and bladder

Mesoderm: middle layer becomes circulatory and reproductive system