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Field And Lab > Kingdom Animalia 3/23/15 > Flashcards

Kingdom Animalia 3/23/15 Flashcards

0
Q

What are some characteristics of class Arachnida?

A
  • multi-cellular
  • eight legs
  • 2 sections of the body (cephalothorax and abdomen)
  • lay eggs
  • arthropods
  • live alone except when mating
  • free-living and some parasitic
  • movement: jointed legs help them move
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1
Q

Arachnid-

A

spider-like

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2
Q

What are the 2 body sections of class arachnida?

A

cephalothorax and abdomen

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3
Q

What are some common representatives of class arachnida?

A 
spiders
ticks
mites
harvestmen
scorpions
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4
Q

Where are arachnids found?

A

nearly all land habitats and some aquatic

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5
Q

How do arachnids reproduce?

A

sexually

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6
Q

Why are arachnids important to humans?

A
  • Help deplete insect population
  • Some eat others which helps with arachnids population
  • Spiders help farmers and gardner’s crops have good chance of survival by killing crop killing insects
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7
Q

What is the complexity of class arachnida?

A

very complex

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8
Q

What is the nearest relatives to class arachnid?

A

Chilopoda
Crustacea
Diplopoda
Hexapoda

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9
Q

What are the 4 subgroups of class Arachnida?

A
  1. Spiders
  2. Scorpions
  3. Ticks and mites
  4. Harvestmen (daddylonglegs)
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10
Q

What are 2 facts about scorpions?

A
  1. Carry around babies on back

2. More common in warmer climates

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11
Q

What are 2 facts about ticks and mites?

A
  1. Body is fused into one segment

2. Carries disease

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12
Q

What is interesting about harvestmen?

A
  1. Not true spiders
  2. Body fused into single segment
  3. Some of the most venomous but mouth is too small to bite
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13
Q

Crust

A

Shell

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14
Q

Acea

A

Made of

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15
Q

What are some characteristics of class Crustacea?

A
  • 16-20 somites
  • 30,000 or more species
  • Majority are free living
  • Appendages are biramous (2 main branches)
  • Have gills for respiration
  • Many subclasses
  • Ecdysis
  • Open circulatory system
  • Nervous and sensory system
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16
Q

What are the 2 biramous for class crustacea?

A

Endopodite (inner branches)

Exopodite (outer branches

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17
Q

What is ecdysis?

A

Class Crustacea’s molting process which involves a premolt and a postmolt

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18
Q

Where does class crustacea live?

A

mainly marine
many freshwater
few terrestrial

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19
Q

What are some common representatives for class crustacea?

A 
lobsters
crayfish
shrimp
water fleas
copepods
barnacles
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20
Q

What is the importance to humans for class crustacea?

A

Important components of aquatic ecosystems

Considerable economic importance

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21
Q

What is the life cycle of class crustacea?

A
  • Most have separate sexes and reproduction is done sexually
  • Most brood eggs
  • Some types where males are scarce reproduction is done through parthenogenesis
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22
Q

What is the complexity of class crustacea?

A

moderately complex

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23
Q

Where are the largest arthropods located?

A

Class Crustacea

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24
Q

How many pairs of antennas does crustacea have?

A

2

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25
Q

What are antennas used for?

A

Touch

Sense chemicals

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26
Q

Centi-

A

hundred

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27
Q

Pede-

A

foot

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28
Q

What are some characteristics of class Chilopoda?

A
  • multicellular
  • autotrophic
  • invertebrate
  • exoskeleton
  • 15 of more body segments (each with a pair of legs)
  • nocturnal
  • compound eyes with little or no vision
  • grow legs by molting
  • bilateral symmetry
  • free moving
29
Q

What type of environment does class Chilopoda live in?

A

moist terrestrial environment

under decaying matter, logs, rocks, leaf litter

30
Q

How does class Chilopoda reproduce?

A

sexually

31
Q

What is class Chilopoda’s importance to humans?

A

They eat bugs that are nuisances to humans such as slugs, words, cockroaches, ants and flies

32
Q

What is the complexity of class Crustacea?

A

moderately complex

33
Q

How many legs do centipedes have?

A

2 per each body segment

34
Q

What is the common name for class Chilopoda?

A

Centipede

35
Q

Chilo-

A

lip

36
Q

T/F All centipedes are predators.

A

True

37
Q

Artho-

A

Joint

38
Q

Poda-

A

Foot

39
Q

Diplos-

A

Two

40
Q

What are some characteristics of class Diplopoda (millipedes)?

A
  • Body divided into segments
  • Two pairs of legs on most body segments
  • Sclerites- hard body plates
  • Rounded head has antenna, mouth and sometimes eyes
  • Eats dead wood, plant depris and some fungi
  • Slow moving
  • Don’t bite but curl up for protection
  • Nocturnal and avoid light
  • Diverse group with close to 11,000 species
41
Q

Where does class Diplopoda live?

A

Terrestrial (moist and protected) environment

42
Q

What is the life cycle of class Diplopoda?

A
  • Reproduce sexually
  • Exchange sperm and lay eggs
  • Separate sexes
43
Q

What is the importance to humans for class Diplopoda?

A
  • Most are docile
  • Pests
  • Population explosions
  • Live in gardens and help with decompositions
44
Q

What is the common name for Diplopoda?

A

Millipedes

45
Q

What is the complexity of millipedes?

A

moderate to copmlex

46
Q

2 obvious differences between centipedes and millipedes?

A
  • Body shape (millipedes tall and round and centipedes are flattened)
  • Number of legs per segment
47
Q

What are some characteristics of insects? (Class Insecta)

A
  • Bilateral symmetry
  • Divided into 3 distinct sections
  • Body segmented
  • Main part of the body wall is the cuticle (Chitin)
  • Have gregarious or solitary social lifestyles
  • Exoskeleton
  • Most are small
  • Use tracheae
  • Have open circulatory system
  • Only group of invertebrates to have developed flight
  • Use tiny muscles in the thorax for wing movement
48
Q

What are three distinct insect sections?

A

head
thorax
abdomen

49
Q

What is tracheae?

A

Respiration using tubes instead of lungs

50
Q

Where do insects live?

A
  • Terrestrial and freshwater
  • Only a small number are known to inhabit the ocean
  • Adaptability on land is almost unlimited
51
Q

Common representatives of Class Insecta:

A 
flies
wasps
beetles
ants
crickets
butterflies
grasshoppers
52
Q

Life cycle of class Insecta

A
  • Reproduction: insects generally reproduce sexually

* 2 types of metamorphosis: incomplete and complete

53
Q

Complete Metamorphosis:

A

Insects usually go through four separate life stages

  1. egg
  2. larva
  3. pupa
  4. adult
54
Q

Incomplete metamorphosis:

A

Insects which lack wings barely change through their lives after the egg stage. Their molting stages are classified as incomplete because there are no dramatic changes in body form during development. Three stages.

  1. Egg
  2. Nymph
  3. Adult
55
Q

How many legs do insects have?

A

6

56
Q

Why are insects important to humans?

A
  • They pollinate plants, serve food for other animals and dispose of dead organisms (decomposers). As well as doing an essential task as of the recycling of organic matter
  • Downside- Some insects (mosquitoes and locusts) transmit diseases and can damage crops
57
Q

How complex are insects?

A

complex

58
Q

Meta-

A

Change

59
Q

Morph-

A

Shape

60
Q

Mollusca-

A

thin shelled

61
Q

Mollis-

A

Soft

62
Q

What are some characteristics of Phylum Mollusca?

A
  • Bilateral
  • Unsegmented
  • Head and foot
  • Heart, liver, and gills or lung, one or two kidneys, and some may secrete a shell for protection
  • Has a Coelom (no other transport system is necessary)
  • Complex digestive system
  • Open circulatory system
  • Hydrostatic skeleton
  • Nervous system
  • Sensory organs of touch, smell, taste, and vision
63
Q

Where does Phylum Mollusca live?

A

Majority are marine
Some are freshwater
Few are terrestrial

64
Q

What are common representatives of phylum Mollusca?

A

Chitins (look like fossilized roly poly), tooth shells, snails, slugs, nudibranchs, sea butterflies, clams, mussels, oysters, squids, and octopuses

65
Q

Why is phylum Mollusca important to humans?

A
  • Used for food
  • Used for the sale of pearls in clams in oysters
  • Burrowing shipworms can damage wooden ships
  • Snails and slugs often damage gardens
  • Boring snails destroy oysters
  • Snails can serve as hosts for serious parasites
66
Q

How does phylum Mollusca reproduce?

A

Sexually in a nontraditional way and asexually

67
Q

How complex is phylum Mollusca?

A

simple to most complex

68
Q

What is Coelom?

A

A fluid-filled cavity within the body of an animal; the digestive system is suspended within the cavity, which is lined by a tissue

69
Q

What is a hydrostatic skeleton?

A

In organisms with this type of skeleton the muscles contract to change the shape of the coelom, which then produces movement due to the pressure of the fluid inside the fluid-filled cavity.

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