Exam 2

Question 0

What is the order of classification system for organisms?

Answer 0

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genius, species

Question 1

What are the levels of organization starting with biosphere?

Answer 1

Biosphere, biome, ecosystem, community, population, organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle

Question 2

Why do we use scientific names instead of common names?

Answer 2

Scientific names stay the same everywhere, while common names can change depending on time and where you are at

Question 3

How do we name a species? (Scientific name)

Answer 3

The two-name (binomial) consists of a genus (always capitalized) and specific epithet (usually not capitalized) with both names being underlined or italicized

Question 4

Biosphere

Answer 4

The entire face of the earth where living organisms can exist. This includes above and below the surface.

Question 5

Biome

Answer 5

A large area with a distinct climate regimen and plan growth forms (ex. desert, deciduous forest, grasslands)

Question 6

Ecosystem

Answer 6

A discrete subset of a biome that contains a distinct group or organisms that influence and are influenced by their nonliving environment. Often impacted by environmental conditions like temperature and moisture.

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

Composed of more than one population living in the same locality and interacting with each other. The members interact with one another. The type of interaction can vary depending on what species. (predator-prey, parasite-host, or mutualists)

Question 8

Population

Answer 8

Group of individuals of the SAME species.

Question 9

Species

Answer 9

A group of individuals that are all alike and under normal circumstances can interbreed

Question 10

Habitat

Answer 10

Place where an organism lives

Question 11

Niche

Answer 11

Organism’s job in the environment.

Question 12

Abiotic

Answer 12

nonliving

Question 13

Biotic

Answer 13

Living components of the organism’s environment.

Question 14

Intraspecific

Answer 14

Relationships between members of the SAME species

Question 15

Interspecific

Answer 15

Relationships between members of two or more DIFFERENT species

Question 16

What 2 major groups of prokaryotic organisms does Kingdom Monera contain?

Answer 16

Bacteria and Cyanobacteria

Question 17

What is agar?

Answer 17

Used with a nutrient source and solidifies at room temperature. Provides support and moisture for growing bacteria.

Question 18

Nutrient Agar

Answer 18

Agar that a beef extract has been added to it do provide protein.

Question 19

What are characteristics of kingdom Protista?

Answer 19

Eukaryotic
single-celled
algae have cell walls and others don't
all live in water (except slimemolds)
Simple

Question 20

What are the three groups that kingdom Protista can be divided into?

Answer 20

1. Plant-like
2. Fungus-like
3. Animal-like

Question 21

What are euglena?

Answer 21

Group of microscopic freshwater organisms that can be found all over the world. They are easy to maintain in lab or classroom.

Question 22

How do you set up a euglena culture?

Answer 22

Clean small container (baby food jar) and fill 2/3 full of distiller water that has been let sitting overnight. Drop 4-8 grains of rice. Stir up the stock container of euglena and using a graduated pipettes take 2.5 mL of the stock culture and add to your jar. Cover and set out of direct sunlight.

Question 23

How do you set up a slime mold?

Answer 23

1. Place a piece of filter paper in the bottom of a Petri dish
2. Place some oatmeal on the paper
3. Moisten the paper and oatmeal
4. Place a small piece of sclerotium ( dried, dormant stage of slime mold) on the moist paper
5. Seal around dish with tape and keep closed as much as possible

Question 24

What is sclerotium?

Answer 24

When moisture is low but enough food is available the plasmodium pulls in its outer edges, dries out, and forms a hard dormant body. This is a less serious dormancy (short term).

Question 25

What is sporangia?

Answer 25

When food supply is seriously inadequate or lacking or other unfavorable condition exists, the plasmodium draws in and forms spores. This is a long term dormancy condition.

Question 26

T/F all algae contain chlorophyll

Answer 26

True

Question 27

How do we kill spores?

Answer 27

Heat and pressure

Question 28

What are the steps in making a bacteria slide?

Answer 28

1. Clean a blank slide and pass through a flame twice
2. Place slide on table and put a drop of distiller water in the middle of the slide
3. Heat the transfer needle in the flame or glowing red and then let it cool for 30 seconds
4. Grab one of the bacteria colonies with your needle and place is in the water.
5. Heat the tip of needle to kill bacteria and put a drop of dye on the slide
6. Heat the slide until all dissolved and let cool
7. Dry slide by patting it gently

Question 29

What are Cyanobacteria?

Answer 29

(Blue-green algae) are simple prokaryotes that use photosynthesis. Two common are nostoc and ocillatoria. The differ from bacteria because they have chlorophyll. They live in moist environments.

Question 30

Discuss how each the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and legume bacteria benefit in an mutualism relationship.

Answer 30

The bacteria “fixes” nitrogen from sources that the legumes aren’t able to use themselves and converts it to a form they can use to make DNA, proteins, and other molecules containing nitrogen. In return the plant makes excess food it produces available to the bacteria.