Kingdom Animalia Flashcards by Bhargavi Singh

Cellular level of organisation is exhibited by

Sponges

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Tissue level of organisation is exhibited by

Coelentrates

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Organ level of organisation is exhibited by

Platyhelminthes

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Organ system level of organisation is exhibited by

Higher phyla

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Difference between complete and incomplete digestive system

Incomplete digestive system has single opening to the outside which serves as both mouth and anus.
whereas
Complete digestive system has has two opening mouth and the anus

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Incomplete digestive system is present in

Platyhelminthes

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Open type circulatory system & closed type circulatory system

Open type is in which blood is pumped out of the heart and the cells and tissues are directly bathed in it.
whereas
Closed type is in which blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying diameter

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Radial and Bilateral symmetry

Any plane passing through the central axis when divides the body into two halves:- Radial symmetry
eg. Coelentrates, ctenophores, echinoderms
whereas
When body can be divided into identical two halves in one plane only:-Bilateral symmetry
e.g Annelids, arthopods

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Diploblastic & Triploblastic

Diploblastic :- animals in which cells are arranged in two embryonic
an external ectoderm
an internal endoderm
Triploblastic :- animals with a third germinal layer mesoderm

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Examples of Diploblastic

Coelentrates

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In diploblastic an undifferentiated layer is present in between the ectoderm and endoderm

Mesoglea

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Examples of Triploblastic

Platyhelminthes to chordates

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Body cavity lined with mesoderm is

Coelom

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Animals with coelom

Coelomates

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Examples coelomates

Annelids, arthopods, molluscs echinoderms, hemichordates, chordates

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Body cavity in which mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the ectoderm and endoderm

Pseudocoelom

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Animals with pseudocoelom are

Pseudocoelomates

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Aschelminthes is a

pseudocoelomate

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Animals in which body cavity is absent is

Acoelomate

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Example of acoelomate is

Platyhelminthes

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When body shows metameric segmentation the phenomenon is

Metamerism

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Metamerism is exhibited by

Earthworm

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Notochord is ______ originated

mesodermally

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Notochord is present on the

Dorsal side

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Animals with notochord are called

Chordates

Examples of non chordates are

Porifera to echinoderms

Member of phylum porifera are commonly called as

Sponges

Sponges habitat

Marine

Sponge symmetry

Asymmetrical

Water transport/canal system are possessed by

Sponges

Water enters in sponges thru minute pore called

Ostia

Water enters in the body wall into a central cavity called

Spongocoel

Water from spongocoel goes into the

Osculum

Water pathway in sponges helps in

→food gathering →respiratory exchange →waste removal

Spongocoel in sponges is lined by

Choanocytes/collar cells

Digestion in sponges is

intracellular

Sponge body is supported by a skeleton which is made up of

Spicules/spongin fibres

Hermaphrodite (no separate sexes)

Sponges

Sponges reproduce asexually by

Fragmentation

Sponges reproduce sexually

By formation of gametes

Fertilisation in sponges is

Internal

Development in sponges is

Indirect

Sponges have a **larval stage** which is morphological ____ form adult

Distinct

Examples of phylum porifera are

→Sycon(Scypha) →Spongilla(fresh water sponge) →Euspongia(Bath sponge

Phylum coelenterata habitat

Marine

Coelenterate symmetry

Radial

Coelenterates are aka

Cnidaria

Coelenterates have cells which contain the stinging capsule. The cells are

Cnidoblasts/Cnidocytes

The stinging capsules in coelenterates are k/a

Nematocysts

Cnidoblasts are present on which part of the body

Tentacles

Cnidoblasts are useful for

→capture of prey →achoragw →defense

Cnidarians exhibit which organisation

Tissue level of organisation

Cnidarians are

Diploblastic

central, gastro vascular cavity with a single opening mouth present on

Hypostome

Digestion is

both intra extra cellular

Which cnidarian have a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate

Corals

Two basic form of existence in cnidarians

Polyp Medusa

The sessile cylindrical form of cnidarians

Polyp

The free swimming, umbrella shaped form of cnidarians

Medusa

Examples of polyp form

Hydra, Adamsia

Examples of Medusa form

Aurelia(jelly fish)

Alternation of generation in cnidarians is k\a

Metagenesis

Polyp produce Medusa

Asexually

Medusa form polyp

Sexually

Example of Medusa →polyp

Obelia

Examples of cnidarians

→Physalia(portuguese man of war) →Adamsia(Sea anemone) →Pennatula(Sea-pen) →Gorgonia(sea-fan) →Meandrina(Brain coral)

Ctenophores are aka

Sea walnuts and comb jellies

Ctenophores habitat

Marine

Ctenophores symmetry

Radial

Ctenophores are

Diploblastic

Ctenophores organisation

Tissue level

Ctenophores bears how many external rows of ciliated **comb plates**

Digestion

Both intra extra cellular

The property of a living organism to emit light in Ctenophores

Bioluminescence

Ctenophores sexuality is

Hermaphrodite

Fertilisation in Ctenophores is

External

Development in Ctenophore is

internal

Examples of Ctenophore

→Pleurobrachia →Ctenoplana

Sexual dimorphism in Ctenophora is

absent

Comb plates in Ctenophora helps in

Locomotion

Hermaphrodite me sexual dimorphism

absent